Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease. Glomerular lipotoxicity is one of major underlying mechanisms contributing to glomerular injury and the development of albuminuria in diabetic condition. Liver X receptors (LXRs) play an important role in maintaining lipid homeostasis in kidney by modulating cholesterol efflux and triglycerides biosynthesis. It has been previously reported that renal LXRs were upregulated in the kidneys of type 2 diabetic mice. Our previous work found that type 2 diabetic db/db mice exhibited a significant increase in albuminuria, a worsened glomerulosclerosis, and an enhanced lipogenesis after the treatment with a non-selective LXRs agonist T0901317 for 12 weeks, suggesting aberrant activation of LXRs may result in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The present study was designed to clarify the role of both LXRα and LXRβ in diabetic renal complications. The specific aim #1 will determine the effect of LXR activation (LXRs agonists) and inactivation (LXRα or LXRβ gene deficiency) on albuminuria, glomerular fibrosis and renal lipid metabolism in db/db mice. Specific aim #2 will examine the role of LXRs in high glucose-induced lipotoxicity and extracellular matrix production in cultured renal cells with or without LXRα and LXRβ gene ablation in the presence or absence of specific LXR agonists. The completion of these studies will be helpful in our understanding of the pathogenesis of DN and may provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of DN.
糖尿病肾病(DN)是导致终末期肾病的主要病因,肾小球脂代谢异常导致的脂毒性与DN发病有重要关系。研究表明,肝X受体(LXRs)包括LXRα和LXRβ在维持肾脏脂代谢稳态中具有重要作用。我们前期的研究发现LXRs激动剂处理2型糖尿病db/db小鼠12周可加重白蛋白尿、肾小球硬化,伴随脂代谢合成通路的激活。由此,我们推测LXRα和LXRβ可能通过调节肾脏脂代谢途径参与2型DN的发生。为验证上述假说,我们计划:1)探讨LXRα和LXRβ非选择性激动剂处理、LXRα或LXRβ基因缺陷对db/db小鼠DN发病的影响;2)LXRs激动剂与抑制剂对高糖处理的野生型和原代培养的LXRα或LXRβ敲除肾小球细胞(足细胞和系膜细胞)生长、细胞外基质蛋白合成及脂代谢通路的改变。本课题的开展将有助于阐明DN的发生发展机制,为临床防治和新药研发提供新思路。
糖尿病肾病(DN)是导致终末期肾病的主要病因,肾小球脂代谢异常导致的脂毒性与DN的发病密切相关。本研究通过在体研究肝X受体(LXRs)激活与LXRβ敲除对db/db小鼠2型糖尿病肾病及其肾小球损伤的影响;离体试验研究LXRs激活对高糖培养的足细胞、系膜细胞的影响,阐述了LXRs通过调节肾小球脂代谢参与2型糖尿病DN的机制。取得的结果、数据及意义如下:. 1,本研究首次阐述了长时程(12周)使用LXRs激动剂T0901317(3mg/kg体重每日)能够持续降低db/db小鼠的空腹血糖与糖耐量,但对于其DN并没有持续改善,反而有恶化趋势。T0901317曾被认为可能成为一种非常有希望的降糖药,然而因会引起肝脏脂质沉积被限制进入临床试验。以往研究报道短时程T0901317处理可使db/db小鼠的血糖与DN同时得到改善;然而尚无长时程的研究报道。本研究发现长时程T0901317处理能够上调db/db小鼠的血清胆固醇水平并在肾脏、肾小球上调脂肪酸合成通路相关分子的表达,使其肾脏面临同等血糖水平下更高的脂毒性,对2型糖尿病DN产生危害。. 2,本研究首次阐述了LXRβ敲除可使db/db小鼠的DN得到显著改善。LXRβ敲除的db/db小鼠尽管空腹血糖更高、糖耐量更差,其24h尿微量白蛋白的排泄量却显著低于LXRβ未敲除的db/db小鼠。同时,LXRβ敲除的db/db小鼠肾小球原位Fibronectin的沉积减少,肾脏的α-SMA与胶原Ⅰ均表达降低。这种现象可能与LXRβ敲除的db/db小鼠具有较低的血清胆固醇水平,且肾脏脂肪酸合成关键酶FAS水平下调,使2型糖尿病肾脏的脂毒性得到缓解有关。此外,我们还发现LXRβ的敲除可使db/db小鼠的脂肪肝得到显著的缓解。这些令人兴奋的结果提示LXRβ在糖尿病患者肝脏和肾脏的选择性抑制可能成为未来治疗脂肪肝与DN的新策略。. 3,离体试验证明LXRs的激动剂能够在足细胞与系膜细胞上调脂肪酸合成通路相关分子的表达,激活细胞内脂肪酸合成通路,对细胞产生脂毒性。. 以上研究为阐明LXRs在DN发生与发展中的作用提供了证据,并为临床防治DN和新药研究提供了新思路。.
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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