面向流程工业关键设备安全操作的人-岗优势匹配逆优化决策方法

There are lots of serious and major accidents happened in the process industry, most of the accidents are caused by improper operation, and most of the improper operations are caused by person-job match wrongly, in order to solve the challenge that the enterprises can not give consideration to both safety production and economic benefit, the project studies the person-job strengths and disadvantage match decision making method according to inverse optimization from the perspective of safe operation. According to the research ideas of “strengths identification →match making →inverse optimization”, firstly, based on empirical research method, the project studies human capital indicator system according to process industries key equipment safety operation psychology and behavior factors; based on fuzzy nonlinear optimization method, the project studies individual strengths structure identification method and comprehensive evaluation method; according to empirical research method, we study the mechanism of how person-job strengths match affects safety performance. Secondly, according to multi-objective optimization technology, with consideration of psychology and behavior strengths structure and comprehensive value, we construct assignment model with the purpose of risk operation minimum. Thirdly, according to the dual theory, we transfer the assignment model to inverse optimization model, which has the function of realizing the safety target value and make the best use of the human capital. Lastly, based on the person and job data of Anshan Iron and Steel Group hot rolling producing key equipments, through the simulation and application research, we verify the validity and feasibility of the above models and methods. . This project incorporates the academic thinking of inverse optimization, it not only puts psychology and behavior into optimization model, but also data mines strengths characteristics under the psychology and behavior data, and find a new way to introducing the strengths characteristics into decision making model. This project constructs a new model for the best use of human resources under the condition of safety operation. It provides a new thought for the following decision making problem: the decision target value is known, and parameters are changeable. It promotes the combining of psychology, behavior and operation research, it is good for process industry enterprises balance safety and benefit, it is good for process industries to develop in a safety and efficiency way..

针对流程工业人-岗匹配错位导致操作事故以及安全与效益难兼顾问题，本项目研究了安全操作的基于逆优化的人-岗优势匹配决策方法。按照“优势→匹配→逆优化”思路，首先，通过实证研究及模糊非线性规划方法，构建安全操作心理行为人力资本指标及优势评析方法，揭示人-岗匹配对安全绩效的作用机理；其次，通过多目标优化方法，构建考虑心理行为优势结构及水平且安全风险最小的逆优化原模型；然后，根据对偶理论，将其转化为逆优化模型，解决实现安全目标与人力资本价值优化兼顾难题；最后，依托鞍钢热轧生产线关键设备数据，通过仿真与应用研究，验证有效性和可行性。. 本项目采用逆优化的学术思想，提出将心理行为信息下对优势的挖掘结果引入决策模型的新途径；提出安全达标，资源利用效率最优的决策新方法。为解决目标值已知、参数可调的决策问题提供新思路，有助于促进心理学、行为学、运筹学的交叉融合，推进流程工业安全、高效发展。

针对流程工业重大设备的复杂性、集成性、智能性、不可替代性及其操作具有的人机协同性、多技能综合性、扬长避短的安全性带来的挑战性难题，以“人员-岗位”的心理行为优势劣势供需匹配为切入点，以提高重大设备人员配置决策的安全性、实践性、有效性为目标，以逆优化生成匹配方案为突破口，融合行为学、多属性决策、逆优化、运筹学等多学科的理论及方法，通过对心理行为机理分析见长的实证研究与擅长定量分析的优化模型算法相结合，将行为学的原理、方法引入到运筹学的优化建模过程。鉴于当安全程度达到较高程度之后，过多的投入资源对安全改进不大的安全问题特点，运用逆向思维的学术思想和逆优化方法，以基于心理行为优势匹配的逆优化建模为突破口，化解安全与资源投入的矛盾，重点研究了流程工业重大设备安全操作的心理行为作用机理模型，心理行为优势特征的定量识别方法，流程工业重大设备安全运行的人员及其结构需求预测，优势匹配优化方法，以及面向最优值、最优方案等不同类型的各类参数调整的逆优化方法，形成“实证心理行为机理分析→心理行为优势计算机识别→安全操作人员需求与预测→数学优化建模→逆优化模型→计算机求解”的流程工业重大设备安全操作的人力资源逆优化配置理论与方法体系。将上述理论方法研究成果应用到鞍山钢铁集团焦化重大设备的资源配置实际问题中，开展示范工程建设，应用所提出的方法体系，给出了保障焦化重大设备安全的各类资源需要配置的数量，人岗匹配方案，实践表明，安全生产情况明显提高，取得了很好的实际应用效果。. 本项目通过多学科交叉、优化到逆优化的转换，转变安全管理理念，为破解流程工业重大设备人力资源安全配置难题提供新观念、新方法和新思路，为逆优化复杂问题建模求解拓展新工具和新途径，有利于促进和深化关于反向工程的相关研究。. 以本项目为依托，出版学术专著2部，发表学术论文4篇，获得学术奖励2项。培养博士后，研究生等若干。