基于值域和正则化法则的GNSS单频整周模糊度快速解算理论研究与分析

GNSS ambiguity resolution for single frequence is foundation of high presice positiong & attitude measurement. Due to the diffculty and using longer time of traditional search algorithm on GNSS ambiguity resolution, the method of rapid ambiguity resolution would be studied based on result zone & regularizer rule with the former works. Through establishing the model, inducing the search step and studying of check analysis method, the system info would be building and the realization method would be proposed about GNSS ambiguity resolution for single frequence based on result zone, then the theory and method of GNSS ambiguity resolutuin would be more self-contained. Through studying of the principle of regularizer algorithm, the intrinsic order of relations between characteristics of ill-condition observation matrix and observation epoch data would be opened up in substance, the problem of how to select improved regularizer matrix on principle and how to seek realization method would be resolved, and then the influence after adding improved regularizer matrix on searching parts of GNSS ambiguity resolution need to be deep-seated analyzed, also the feasible method to weaken the influence because of adding improved regularizer matrix need to be studied deeply too. A new principle would be explored at last to break the bottleneck from the current theory and method of GNSS rapid ambiguity resolution for single frequence. A new method to resolve the theory of GNSS rapid ambiguity resolution for single frequence would be found, and then the regularizer theory for ill-condition observation matrix would be more perfect. The expectant result would promote the development of GNSS rapid ambiguity resolution theory for single frequence, also it has theory exploringly meaning for fast positioning and attitude measurement.

GNSS单频整周模糊度快速解算是实现高精度定位、测姿的基础，课题将在前期研究的基础上，针对常规整周模糊度搜索算法较为复杂和搜索耗时较长的特点，研究基于值域和正则化法则的GNSS单频整周模糊度快速解算方法；通过对基于值域的模糊度搜索算法模型的建立、搜索步长的推导以及检验方法的研究，建立基于值域的GNSS单频整周模糊度解算理论体系和实现方法，不断完善模糊度搜索理论和方法；通过对正则化法则的研究，从本质上揭示病态法矩阵特点及其与观测历元之间的关系，在理论上解决改善正则化矩阵的选取依据及方法，深层次地研究正则化后对搜索部分的影响及解决方案，最终探索出突破GNSS单频整周模糊度快速解算理论和方法的制约瓶颈，寻求一种新的GNSS单频整周模糊度快速解算理论和方法，完善病态法矩阵的正则化法则理论。预期研究成果将进一步促进GNSS单频整周模糊度解算理论的发展，对解决快速定位、测姿问题具有一定的理论探索意义。

GNSS单频整周模糊度快速解算是实现高精度定位、测姿的基础，项目针对常规整周模糊度搜索算法较为复杂和搜索耗时较长的特点，研究了基于值域和正则化法则的GNSS单频整周模糊度快速解算方法，对解决载体快速定位、测姿提供了一定的理论依据和技术支撑。项目主要取得了以下两大理论研究成果：（1）建立了基于值域的GNSS单频整周模糊度解算理论体系和实现方法，该理论从载体姿态域结果出发进行搜索，通过映射关系，进而解算整周模糊度，建立了基于值域的模糊度搜索算法模型、推导了其搜索步长以及检验方法，分析了其测量精度及算法适用性，并在此基础上，进一步研究了其改进方法——模糊度反约束的值域二维搜索方法：通过利用模糊度反约束航向及俯仰角搜索域算法，有效限制了搜索空间，并利用搜索域的相关性减少了值域搜索的伪组合个数，提高了算法初始化速度，分析了算法在动态条件下的适用性，理论上证明了该算法可以用于动态姿态测量；提出了利用MEMS加速度计辅助对俯仰角范围进行约束，进一步加快初始化速度，最后通过试验证明了算法的可行性。（2）通过对正则化法则的研究，从本质上揭示了病态法矩阵特点及其与观测历元之间的关系，在理论上解决了正则化矩阵的选取依据及方法，并深层次地研究了正则化后对搜索部分的影响及解决方案，最终寻求了一种新的GNSS 单频整周模糊度快速解算理论和方法，完善了病态法矩阵的正则化法则理论。项目共发表（录用）学术论文33篇，其中SCI检索期刊论文2篇，EI检索期刊论文11篇，会议论文1篇，中文核心期刊论文19篇。申报国防专利1项。培养博士研究生3名、硕士研究生6名，依托该项目，获得1项军队科技进步二等奖，1项成果推广应用于空军某型塔康的定位定向。