面向空间平台的激光传输系统

This project carries out research on multi-node laser high-speed information transmission in spatial information network, around the need to establish spatial stereoscopic information network. The overall design of satellite laser communication network has been proposed, according to the previous achievements of in-orbit test (HY-2 and SJ13), as well as the foundation of ground demonstration and verification technique. There are mainly including 2 high orbit satellites, 6 inclined orbit satellites, 96 low-orbit satellites (96/8/1 walker constellation), and enough optical ground stations, in the satellite laser communication network. And the communication data rate between network nodes is 0.3-5Gbps. The experimental prototype of laser communication transmission system will be developed, and high-speed laser networking transmission extra-field demonstration tests based on unmanned aerial vehicle can be conducted, also as well as satellite network ground equivalent demonstration verification tests, using the prep critical technologies broken through, such as the design of miniaturized and low power terminal for laser communication system, the establishment and maintenance of narrow beacon laser link, the high speed laser network communication, and so on. It helps solving science's biggest problems of the compensation of multidirectional laser link beacon transmission spatiotemporal characteristics, the optimization of communication data transmission in ad hoc networks with fast dynamic laser link, the communication capacity optimization of in-orbit switchable multi-system fusion, and so on. The key technologies of multi-directional laser link establishment and dynamic network data transmission in space laser communication network could be also broken through. The project will lay the foundation for building Sea-Air Space Integrated Ground Information Network.

项目围绕建立空间立体化信息网络的需求，开展空间信息网络中多节点激光高速信息传输问题研究，基于前期的在轨型号试验成果（海洋二号和实践十三号）和地面室内演示验证技术基础，提出了卫星激光通信网络总体方案。其中：包含2颗高轨卫星，6颗倾斜轨道卫星，96颗低轨卫星（96/8/1 walker星座）和多个光学地面站，网络节点间通信数据率0.3-5Gbps。利用前期突破的激光通信系统小型化低功耗终端设计、窄信标激光链路建立保持、高速激光网络通信等关键技术，研制激光通信传输系统试验样机，开展基于无人飞机的高速激光组网传输外场演示试验和卫星组网地面等效演示验证试验，解决多向激光链路信标传输时空特性影响补偿、快速动态激光链路自组网通信数据传输优化、在轨可切换多体制融合通信容量优化等关键科学问题，突破空间激光通信组网中的多向激光链路建立保持、动态网络数据传输等关键技术，为我国构建海空天地一体化信息网络奠定基础。

本项目将高性能的激光通信终端与空间平台结合，利用多节点信息融合校准、动态路由分配和多体制融合通信等方法，开展了高速、保密、抗干扰激光通信网络系统相关技术研究。通过系留球、无人机、舰船、地面站等外场激光通信试验，结合实验室内动态演示验证，突破了空间激光通信组网中的终端小型化、多向激光链路建立保持、动态网络数据传输等关键技术。.项目研究内容包括：卫星激光通信网络总体方案设计、激光通信网络地面动态研制验证系统建设、组网激光通信终端研制和验证试验等。在关键技术突破方面的工作包括：（1）建立了激光链路捕获影响因素补偿理论模型，分析了捕获性能相关多维矢量在约束空间下的关联性，解决了误差影响测试和标定难题；（2）建立了双向光束捕获扫描优化模型，提出了双向连续同步扫描策略，大大缩短了捕获时间；（3）融合激光光束在轨动态捕获和跟踪多维关联信息，提出了实现捕跟稳定切换的优化方法，解决了粗精瞄准相互切换引起激光链路跟踪发散的技术难题；（4）建立了双向跟踪过程中误差振幅和信号光强变量的联合概率密度模型，给出了的最大稳态方差约束条件。.在理论研究方面，实现了激光传输系统链路快速建立理论创新、激光传输系统链路稳定保持理论创新、激光传输系统链路高质量通信理论创新。在项目成果转化及应用方面，验证了捕获跟踪新技术和通信新技术，开展了CubeSat星地激光通信在轨试验验证和激光通信技术在智慧交通中应用。.项目负责人带领团队获得了工业和信息化部、科技部、军委装备发展部等组织的“2019年中国先进技术转化应用大赛（技术创新类）—金奖”。申请国家/国防发明专利8项，获授权2项，其余6项在公示中；发表文章8篇。.项目研究的技术将用于空天地海一体化高速通信网络，可将目前信息系统的平面型感知和传输，转变为基于空基的天空地一体化立体型感知和传输，从而解决现有状况存在的覆盖范围小、实时性差、机动能力弱等问题，科学意义重大。