Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common among earthquake survivors, and will adversely affect individuals, families and societies. Recent systematic review study showed that the number of health related academic articles dropped dramatically 2 years after the earthquake, which, to some extent, reflected, that researchers ignored the long term impact of a disaster to the affected population. Clearly, then, there is a need for more research on the long-term health consequences of earthquake. This study is a follow-up study conducted among survivors of the Sichuan earthquake, based on five-wave repeated cross-sectional survey during 2008 to 2012. Following questions will be answered: 1) what is the prevalence of probable PTSD at different time points following an earthquake? 2) Why people have different symptoms: chronic, delayed, recovered, and resilience? 3) How is the relationship between PTSD and changes of income, relationship and resources? 4) When and how to organize and promote activities for PTSD intervention? The results of this study have theoretical significance and may be helpful for further mental health interventions for survivors after earthquakes. It will provide references for policymakers to make policy for public health service in disaster.
创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)是震后最常见的心理创伤。以往研究多关注灾民在震后短时间内的应激反应,地震两年后创伤心理研究非常缺乏。本研究将对国内外不同背景下PTSD随时间的变化趋势进行研究,并对其影响因素进行元分析。在此基础上,本研究通过对汶川地震后进行的五次重复测量的横截面数据(2008-2012)的追踪调查,重点探讨四个问题:(1)PTSD在震后急性期与缓解期的变化轨迹;(2)震后不同灾民表现出慢性、后发性、恢复性和抗逆力症状PTSD的原因;(3)地震中后期,因地震导致的经济收入波动、人际关系变化、卫生服务援助等因素对灾民PTSD的影响;(4)震后心理干预的关键时点和干预的内容。本项目是对灾后心理创伤长期影响研究的补充,预期为灾后救助政策以及心理干预提供依据。
背景:近年来,国内外关于创伤事件的研究成为一个热点,但由于研究经费有限、研究难度大等限制,大多研究聚焦于灾难暴露后较短的应激期内对个体的即时影响,很少能够站在一个较长的时间框架内检验创伤经历对个体带来的长期影响。汶川地震是我国过去三十年最严重的自然灾难,尽管灾难暴露后心理后遗症可以持续很多年,但汶川地震后长期的心理创伤及其危险因素却很少受到重视。.研究方法:本研究采用2008-2016年汶川地震重灾区六次重复测量数据对PTSD在震后随时间发展的变化进行实证研究。.研究发现:即使汶川地震已过去8年,地震对幸存者所造成的PTSD和抑郁的影响却具有长期性,客观暴露与PTSD和抑郁症状有关,而主观暴露则与长期抑郁症状有关;地震对灾民的影响,不仅仅是负面的,也会促进创伤后成长心理的出现;个体的精神健康状况除受自然灾难的影响外,还与其社会经济地位息息相关。.研究意义:此研究有助于推进灾难研究从关注急性期的短期影响到缓解期的长期影响;研究有利于揭示灾难对于幸存者精神健康的影响机制;研究对于震后多年提高心理干预技术,促动心理健康发展有一定的意义。.研究产出:专著:《汶川地震灾民创伤后应激障碍、抑郁及躯体健康研究》;在国际SSCI/SCI期刊发表文章4篇,国内CSSCI发表文章1篇。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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