辐照损伤太阳能电池的光致红外辐射动态响应与光电性能检测基础研究

The development of space technology and the increase of space exploration missons, the high preformance and long lifetime solar cells are strongly required for energy supplement. The irradiation effect of space environment directly affects the carrier transport propeties of solar cell, increases the disspation of absorption photon and furthermore, reduces the optoelectric conversion efficiency, then these result in the degradation of optoelectronic performance of solar cell and combination of above effects will directly affect the normal operation of the space aircraft. The purpose of this project mainly focuses on the fundamental theory of laser-induced infrared radiation dynamic response (IRRDR) of soar cell and the high efficiency and reliable noncontact quantitative optical inspection of optoelectrical performance of solar cell with irradiation damage. The inhomongeneous damage effect and photogenerated carrier transport physical mechanism are deeply investigated on the solar cell with radiation damage. the fundamental theories of laser-induced IRRDR and optoelectrical reciprocity of solar cell with ionization and displacement damage synergistic effect are deeply studied. the characteristics of IRRDR of irradiated solar cell are determined, which is influence by solar cell structure, irradiation ions energy and fluence. The pure contactless quantitative inspection and degradation evaluation of optoelectrical properties of solar cell with radiation damage are reserached based on the aboves studies. In this project, all of above works provide new approach on analyzing the radiation damage physical process and optoelectrical properties inspection of solar cell with irradiated ions, and lay a foundation for the scientific prediction of the performance degradation of irradiated solar cell.

随着航天科学技术的飞速发展与空间探测任务的不断增加，高性能长寿命太阳能电池能源供给需求十分迫切。辐射损伤会影响太阳能电池载流子传输特性，增加吸收光子的能量损失，降低其光电转化效率，导致太阳能电池光电性能退化和影响航天飞行器正常工作。本项目旨在针对带电粒子与紫外线辐照损伤太阳能电池的光致红外辐射动态响应及光电性能高效可靠光学检测的基础理论与关键技术进行研究。研究辐照太阳能电池的非均匀局部损伤效应与光致载流子传输物理机制；研究电离/位移损伤协同效应的太阳能电池光致红外辐射动态响应与光电相互性基础理论；研究太阳能电池结构、辐照能量及注量对辐照损伤太阳能电池的光致红外辐射动态响应特性的影响与规律；研究辐照损伤太阳能电池的光电性能光学定量检测与退化评价技术。为太阳能电池的辐照损伤物理过程分析、光电性能检测与科学可靠预测辐照损伤太阳能电池的性能衰退奠定基础。

空间太阳能电池是航天器的重要能源转化元件，在服役过程中在空间环境的作用下会造成辐照损伤影响太阳能电池局部载流子传输特性，降低光电转化效率，影响使用性能和寿命。因此迫切需要一种无损检测方法对辐照损伤太阳能电池光电性能进行局部可靠检测。. 光致红外辐射动态响应检测技术将红外辐射与锁相技术相结合，涵盖了锁相载流子辐射检测技术（基于单点探测的基于单点探测的光致载流子辐射检测技术和基于焦平面相机探测的锁相光致载流子成像检测技术以及锁相热成像检测技术，具有频域动态、自校正、相互补充、信噪比高等优势。本项目开展面向辐照损伤太阳能电池的光致红外辐射动态响应与光电性能检测进行基础研究。研究了辐照太阳能电池辐照缺陷特性及少数载流子传输特性，建立了太阳能电池结构的调制光致载流子密度波模型，仿真分析了光学参数、结构参数及载流子输运参数对光致红外辐射动态特性影响和规律，并利用光致载流子辐射动态信号对载流子输运参数变化进行灵敏性分析，为准确检测载流子输运参数奠定理论基础；通过太阳能电池光电辐射理论研究电性能参数、发光光强、热辐射强度与过剩载流子浓度或密度之间的关系。建立太阳能电池的二维结构有限元模型，仿真分析电性能参数对发光光强的影响与规律，建立了少数载流子辐射和非辐射光电模型；研制光致红外辐射动态检测系统，制备了能量粒子辐照损伤太阳能电池样件，并开展了光电性能检测试验研究，得到了能量粒子对载流子输运参数和电性能参数及分布的影响和规律。结果表明：锁相光致载流子辐射检测技术相比于传统光致发光检测技术信噪比提高5个数量级；辐照损伤后的太阳能电池，载流子扩散长度急剧降低且分布不均匀，饱和电流密度和串联电阻显著增大；所提出的性能预测方法与电测方法基本吻合。. 本项目研究为辐照损伤太阳能电池整体与局部载流子输运特性及电性能分析提供重要手段，在半导体材料和太阳能电池光学成像检测与评价的工程应用奠定基础，具有重要的科学意义和实际应用价值。