聚变增殖包层多物理场耦合的磁流体流动不稳定性及热质传输特征

Fusion breeder Test Blanket Module (TBM) with liquid metal working as coolant and breeder is a promising TBM for the future commercial fusion reactor blanket, which is a fundamental and complex unit of fusion reactor. For revealing the physical process of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and heat and mass transfer in TBM under the magnetic-thermal-flow-solid-mass multiphysical fields, this proposal will investigate the occurrence conditions of flow instability and its 3D spatial-temporal evolution patterns under coupled effcts of magnetohydrodynamics, natural convection, thermocapillary convection, and thermal electric-magnetic convection by developing a multiphysics fields numerical model and a computational experimental platform. The physical phenomena will be understood for the complex flow instability and the second flow evolution, and the effect mechanism of their behavior on the MHD pressure drop will be obtained. The sensetivity of MHD flow instability and pressure drop related to the layout,parameters and thermodynamic behaviors of flow channel inserts (FCI) will be conducted, and the theoretical method for MHD pressure drop reduction and heat transfer enhancement will be performed. The interaction between the MHD behaviors and tritium transport will be unveiled for understanding the effect of complex MHD fluid flow on the tritium transport under TBM application conditions. The above mentioned results will provide theoretical and experimental guidance for thermal efficiency and tritium transport optimization design of TBM.

液态金属作为冷却剂和增殖剂的聚变增殖包层（TBM）是将来商用聚变堆最有可能选择的包层之一，是聚变堆中一个基本而又复杂的结构体。本项目针对聚变增殖包层磁-热-流-固-质多物理场耦合作用下的液态金属磁流体流动和传热传质的物理过程，发展相应的多物理场耦合数值模型和整体模拟实验平台，系统研究包层磁流体动力学效应和自然对流、热毛细对流、热电磁效应及结构热力学行为等耦合下流动不稳定性产生的条件及其三维时空演化规律，深化对多物理场耦合下的复杂流动不稳定性、二次流动等物理本质的理解及其对压降的影响机制；洞悉磁流体流动不稳定性和压降对插件布置、参数及其高温度梯度热力学行为的敏感性，发展降低流动压降和强化传热的协同技术；了解增殖包层在实际应用条件下的磁流体动力学特征与氚输运的复杂热质传输现象等关联规律，获得液态金属复杂流动对氚的输运影响机制，为提高包层热转换效率和氚的输运优化设计提供理论和实验指导。

液态金属作为冷却剂和增殖剂的聚变增殖包层（TBM）是将来商用聚变堆最有可能选择的包层之一。本项目针对聚变增殖包层磁-热-流-固-质多物理场耦合作用下的液态金液态金属作为冷却剂和增殖剂的聚变增殖包层（TBM）是将来商用聚变堆最有可能选择的包层之一。本项目针对聚变增殖包层磁-热-流-固-质多物理场耦合作用下的液态金属磁流体流动和传热传质的物理过程，发展了相应的多物理场耦合数值模型和整体模拟实验平台，系统地研究了包层磁流体动力学效应和自然对流、热毛细对流、热电磁效应及结构热力学行为等耦合下流动不稳定性产生的条件及其三维时空演化规律；发现了采用流场和流道插件（FCI）结构双向流固耦合计算的DCLL通道内FCI所受等效应力值要比单向耦合的高6.6％；分析了不同强化换热方式的DCLL通道内液态金属的流动与传热特性,发现通道出口温度均方差σT值为无强化传热的0.862倍，壁面综合传热性能增强因子η〉1.68。调查了磁场下气泡在液态金属中的动力学过程、运动特征以及气体不同体积分数下DCLL通道中两相流体流动的压降，获得了考虑浮升力下不同参数对氚输运的影响机制；揭示了纳米涂层壁面的DCLL通道MHD效应、传热特性及腐蚀行为机理，发现有纳米涂层DCLL通道的压降减少了44.1倍，传热损失下降了一倍；有涂层通道中通道腐蚀率随时间呈“线性”形式增加，且入口速度、磁场强度及通道温度的变化对壁面腐蚀的影响很小。这些结果为提高包层热转换效率和氚的输运优化设计提供了重要的理论和实验指导。