Cancer cells derived from epithelial tissue express functional vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1). The activation of VEGFR-1 may provide continuous stimulation and promote the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. This procedure represents a novel machanism for tumor invasion, which is independent of the typical angiogenic activating pathway. However, whether VEGFR-1 has an ectopic expression in HCC cells? What's the underlying mechansim and biological effect? Our previous research have identified the expression of VEGFR-1 in the HCC cell lines and in resectable HCC tissues microarrays . Clinical data showed that, patients with higher VEGFR-1 were prone to have early recurrent and poorer prognosis; and the VEGFR-1 concentration has a positive relationship with the tumor invasion ability. Exogenous activation of VEGFR-1 in vitro further confirmed this notion. What's more, we found that the level of Snail expression was significantly increased, which suggested that the Snail-associated pathway may be involved in the regulation of VEGFR-1 in HCC metastasis. Based on these results, we have planned the further study on molecular mechanisms for the ectopic functional VEGFR-1 in HCC metastasis in three levels: clinical specimens, cell model and animal model. This study may extend the knowledge of the function of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor family in metastasis and invasion, and may provide effective targeted therapies with the theoretical supports.
上皮源性肿瘤细胞存在异位表达的功能性VEGFR-1,与其配体活化后,提供持续刺激信号,调控相关蛋白表达,直接增强并维持肿瘤细胞侵袭转移能力,形成不同于"促血管生成活性"的新的促肿瘤侵袭机制。申请人前期研究中证实肝癌细胞中表达VEGFR-1,而肝细胞中却无明显表达;VEGFR-1的表达水平与细胞侵袭力、肝癌早期复发及不良预后均呈正相关;外源性激活VEGFR-1显著增强细胞侵袭力,提示其生物学功能直接参与肝癌侵袭转移。进一步机制研究显示在VEGFR-1促进肝癌细胞侵袭中,Snail表达显著上调,提示Snail通路参与调控此过程。本课题拟在此基础上,从临床标本、细胞模型、动物模型三个方面揭示异位功能性VEGFR-1促进肝癌侵袭转移的分子机制,同时筛选验证Snail相关通路信号转导途径及其作用。既能够拓宽血管内皮生长因子家族在侵袭转移中作用的认识,还为有效的靶向阻断治疗提供实验探索。
肝癌是世界上常见的肿瘤,也是导致肿瘤相关性死亡人数最多的肿瘤之一。乙肝病毒的感染、酗酒等都是肝癌的重要诱因。多种因素在肝癌的发生、演变与进展过程中发挥作用。肿瘤的复发的一个重要的来源是血液中存在的循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)以及与血液中的其他细胞所形成的循环肿瘤栓子(CTM)。正常肝脏细胞在脱离了细胞外基质的情况下,由于细胞表面相关受体与基质之间发生失联,导致细胞自发发生凋亡。这种现象称为失巢凋亡(anoikis)。而肝癌细胞在脱离了基质之后发生转移的过程中,不仅获得了抵抗失巢凋亡的能力,并且变得更加难以被化疗药物杀死。较原发部位肿瘤相比,存在于血液中的肿瘤细胞侵袭力更强、细胞增殖更快。所以针对CTC与CTM的治疗在将来是彻底治愈肝癌、阻止癌细胞继发转移的关键所在。目前,针对CTC与CTM获得这些能力从而实现更容易地进行远处转移,以及耐药性的产生机制研究仍缺乏研究。VEGFR家族作为促进血管生成的强力因素,在肿瘤的发生过程中起到的作用已经被广泛研究。通过对抗VEGFR活性的药物如索拉菲尼等,阻断肿瘤新生血管的生成,对于延缓与阻断肿瘤的进展,发挥了很重要的作用。然而, VEGFR1在肝癌细胞中表达较正常的肝细胞有明显的提升,由于CTC与CTM在实现血行转移等远发转移的过程中,没有明显的血管生成现象,这提示不仅仅是血管生成机制,VEGFR1还可能存在直接促进肿瘤细胞发生演变与转移的相关机制,而这种机制在肿瘤非依赖血管性侵袭与转移中可能发挥重要作用。Ras-MAPK通路是参与调节细胞增殖、分裂与分化,调节细胞周期的进程的重要机制。在使用索拉菲尼等抗VEGFR药物治疗后,肿瘤细胞中MAPK的含量也出现明显降低,提示ras-MAPK通路可能受到以VEGFR1为代表的酪氨酸激酶受体(RTKs)的调节。ras-MAPK还作为一个重要的因素直接参与到DNA复制、肿瘤EMT以及细胞凋亡,提示ras-MAPK可能在肿瘤的转移过程中起到了核心作用。研究VEGFR1介导的MAPK通路在失巢状态下的肝癌细胞发挥何种作用,对于明确CTM在肿瘤复发中的地位、了解肿瘤的远发转移机制,针对性地设计治疗药物,具有重要意义。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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