生物炭复合催化剂构造及高效催化生物柴油机制研究

The stability and catalytic activity of CaO used for biodiesel synthesis have received intensive attention in recent years. However, up to now, there was no effective method which could both solve the instability and maintain the superior catalytic activity of CaO. In this project, we first use herbaceous biomass as feedstock to produce biochar. And the as-prepared biochar can not only use as a support for the synthesis of CaO-based catalyst but also provide SiO2 which can interact with CaO to form SiO2-CaO composites. The Si-O-Ca existed on the catalyst can solve the leaching problem while the synergistic reaction between CaO and Ca2SiO4 can enhance the catalytic activity of catalyst in the transesterification reaction. The effect of preparation conditions on the chemical and physical properties of biochar, the relationship between CaO and Ca2SiO4 on the activity of catalyst, the relationship between the activity and stability of synthesized catalyst during reaction and the preparation conditions and the mechanism of synthesized catalyst in the transesterification reaction under the optimal preparation should be explored. The meaning of the study is that the inexpensive CaO can be practical used in the preparation of biodiesel industrialization. And this catalyst synthesized approach will be a promising “green” method for other fuels/chemicals production.

CaO在催化制备生物柴油过程中的稳定性和活性一直是国内外该领域关注的热点，但到目前为止还没能找到一种既能有效抑制CaO的流失又能保证其催化活性的方法。本项目以制备高效、稳定SiO2-CaO复合催化剂为目标，创新性的利用草本植物生物炭为载体，负载固体废物来源的CaO，构建生物炭表面SiO2与纳米级CaO耦合Si-O-Ca结构抑制Ca2+流失，利用生成的Ca2SiO4与CaO协同作用促进催化活性。探讨生物炭制备工艺对载体成型以及表面物质的影响机制，构建CaO制备条件对其性质的作用机制，探索催化剂表面耦合的物质组成、活性位的分布等规律，获取催化制备条件与其性质的关系。明晰催化剂在酯交换反应中的氧化物的协同催化作用机理、中间体电子转移之间交叉传递机制，获得催化剂反应机理，构筑生物炭和CaO的制备、负载CaO催化剂制备机理与催化机理的耦合机制，探索适用于Ca基催化剂在生物柴油工业化应用的新途径。

CaO在催化制备生物柴油过程中的稳定性和活性一直是国内外该领域关注的热点，但到目前为止还没能找到一种既能有效抑制CaO的流失又能保证其催化活性的方法。本项目以制备高效、稳定SiO2-CaO复合催化剂为目标，创新性的利用含硅生物炭为载体，负载固体废物来源的CaO，构建生物炭表面SiO2与纳米级CaO耦合Si-O-Ca结构抑制Ca2+流失，利用生成的Ca2SiO4与CaO协同作用促进催化活性。探讨生物炭制备工艺对载体成型以及表面物质的影响机制，构建CaO制备条件对其性质的作用机制，探索催化剂表面耦合的物质组成、活性位的分布等规律，获取催化制备条件与其性质的关系。明晰催化剂在酯交换反应中的氧化物的协同催化作用机理、中间体电子转移之间交叉传递机制，获得催化剂反应机理，构筑生物炭和CaO的制备、负载CaO催化剂制备机理与催化机理的耦合机制，探索适用于Ca基催化剂在生物柴油工业化应用的新途径。并将生物炭的应用进行了推广，在催化剂和吸附剂方面进行了应用。