大豆四粒荚调控基因的克隆和功能分析

Soybean is one of the most important crops in the world. In China, millions of dollars are spent every year to import soybean from other countries due to low yield of current cultivars. It is essential to increase local soybean production to meet the consumer needs and to eliminate any potential food safety problems. Seed number per pod is one of the important characters that build up yield. The percentage of four-seeded pod in each plant is highly associated to soybean yield. Previous studies had shown this trait is controlled by a major QTL which has undergone strong artificial selection as other traits like growth habit. We will combine association mapping and map-base cloning approaches together to clone the gene (FSP, four-seeded pod) controlling four-seeded pod using the nature accessions collected and the BC3F2 populations we developed, and then continue the functional confirmation and detailed analysis of the mechanism how this gene controlling this trait. Meanwhile, to check the effects of fsp on yield and seed quality. Through evolutionary analysis of FSP in different kinds of cultivars to evaluate the contribution of this gene on high yield cultivars' distribution. Therefore, from this project we clone the gene highly related to soybean yield, which will promote the enhancement of soybean germplasm in China.

大豆是一种重要的粮食经济作物，我国每年需要进口大量的大豆来满足国内消费需求，提高国内大豆产量是保障我国粮食安全的必要途径。单荚粒数是大豆产量重要构成要素，四粒荚的多少直接影响大豆产量。前期研究提示，该性状受到主效基因的调控，并且在大豆栽培选育中受到了强烈的人工选择。本项目拟利用已经建立的自然群体、回交群体、基因代换系等不同研究材料，结合关联分析和图位克隆的研究手段克隆该性状调控基因，并进行功能验证；同时，系统研究该基因对大豆产量和品质的影响。通过对不同品种改进的人工选择分析，评估该基因对我国产量构成的贡献。通过本项目的研究克隆大豆四粒荚调控基因，为大豆高产育种奠定基础。

大豆是一种重要的粮食经济作物，我国每年需要进口大量的大豆来满足国内消费需求，提高国内大豆产量是保障我国粮食安全的必要途径。单荚粒数是大豆产量重要构成要素，四粒荚的多少直接影响大豆产量。前期研究提示，该性状受到主效基因的调控，并且在大豆栽培选育中受到了强烈的人工选择。本项目利用自然群体、回交群体、基因代换系等不同研究材料，通过关联分析和图位克隆的研究手段克隆该性状调控基因Ln，研究表明大豆中四粒荚多少的变化是由该基因EAR结构域一个碱基突变引起的；对不同品种人工选择分析结果表明，该基因在高产品种培育中起到了非常重要的作用；利用该基因突变单倍体型，与育种家开展了高产品种培育工作，取得了较好的效果。通过本项目的研究克隆大豆四粒荚调控基因，为大豆高产育种奠定基础。