基于GPS信号的波浪海流协同反演模型研究

In this application, a Wave-Current collaborative inversion model based on GPS signal is proposed. In this model, all the sensors mounted on the buoy is only a GPS receiver, which records the movement of buoy freely driven by wave and current and resolves the GPS signal into Wave-Current parameters. In this application, numerical simulation will be firstly conducted with laboratory test, and then field test in the real ocean environment will be carried out to evaluate the model. The detailed research goal are listed as follows: an algorithm model of Wave-Current collaborative inversion based on GPS signal; a buoy structure which has well response both to the wave and current; a noise filtering algorithm of GPS Doppler shift signal and retrieved velocity signal; an algorithm reducing velocity signal to wave water particle velocity and current velocity ; a Wave-Current dynamic simulation machine to simulate wave-current movement in laboratory; a GPS Wave-Current measuring principle prototype. The GPS Wave-Current buoy could provide high accuracy wave-current parameters with simpler and less expensive hardware, and it doesn't require regular calibration, so the GPS Wave-Current buoy could be deployed on a large scale, and this technique could also be transformed to measure wave and current based on BEIDOU satellites in the future.

本申请书研究一种利用GPS信号协同测量波浪海流的反演模型。该模型只需要在浮标体上安装一个GPS接收机，浮标体随波浪海流自由漂流运动，根据GPS接收机接收到的GPS信号来同时反演出波浪和海流。本申请书采用数值模拟、实验室实验和海上试验相结合的方式：研究利用GPS信号反演波浪和海流的算法模型；研究设计随波性和随流性俱佳的浮标体结构及水动力特性分析；研究GPS多普勒频偏信号及其反演出的速度信号的噪声滤除算法；研究波浪水粒子速度和海流速度的分离算法；研制一套用于实验室中进行模拟GPS信号反演波浪海流的波流动态仿真机；研制GPS波流测量浮标原理试验样机并完成现场海上试验。GPS波流测量浮标的硬件简单，成本低，测量精度高，不需要进行定期标定，便于大规模的布放使用，该技术将来也可以采用我国北斗卫星进行波浪海流的协同测量。

我国海域面积广阔，因此在军民海洋观测领域需要大量高精度、低成本、安全可靠、观测性价比高的波浪和海流测量设备。GNSS波流测量浮标只需要一个GNSS卫星信号传感器就可以反演出所处海域的波浪和海流信息；它硬件简单、成本低、测量精度高、安装维护简单方便、便于大规模的布放应用；在常规波浪海流观测、海洋学研究、业务化遥测比测验证、海洋灾害的应急观测等领域都具有非常广阔的应用前景和科学研究意义。.本项目的主要研究内容是采用数值模拟仿真、实验室实验和现场海上试验相结合的方式，研究出了一套GNSS卫星信号协同反演波浪和海流的算法模型。研究设计了随波性和随流性俱佳的浮标体系统结构，并对其水动力特性进行了数值仿真分析，包括设计浮标体系统的结构参数及浮标体系统内各部分的配重分配等，通过水动力特性分析和优化使浮标体系统的整体随波性和随流性俱佳。研究了波浪和海流之间的相互耦合作用，采用数值理论模拟，研究了海流对波浪测量的影响，并完善了GNSS反演波浪海流的算法模型。研究了GNSS多普勒频偏信号的噪声滤除算法和其反演出的运动状态信号的噪声滤除算法。研究出了一套波浪信息和海流信息的分离算法。研制出了一套用于实验室中进行模拟GNSS卫星信号反演波浪海流的动态仿真机。研制出了多套GNSS波流测量浮标原理试验样机，并进行了多次现场海上试验，进一步完善了GNSS卫星信号反演波浪、海流的算法模型和算法步骤。同时，发表了8篇学术论文，其中4篇是EI检索；获得了两项发明专利和一项实用新型专利，申请了一项发明专利和一项软件著作权。