辽西及邻区中生代火山喷发对热河生物群集群死亡的影响

Many of the vertebrate fossils have been found in recent years in Sihetun, western Liaoning, China, including Confuciusornis, Liaoningornis, as well as "feathered" theropod dinosaurs, etc. The layers of well-preserved vertebrate fossils indicate mass mortalities and rapid burial of the animal bodies in the lacustrine environment, which are coexisting with the intermediate-acidic tuffs (or ashes) in the field. This project determined the volatile contents of inclusions in phenocrysts and matrix glasses, applying the method of electron microprobe analysis, from the tuffs and ashes coexisting with the typical fossil layers of the well-preserved vertebrates. The result shows that their contents of volatile emitted are higher than those erupted from other volcanoes with same compositions worldwide and the compositions of volatiles released into atmosphere are different, corresponding to the different fossils layers in this area. The author thought that the mass mortality events in west Liaoning are mainly due to the significant effect of the volatiles and the volcanic dust on paleoclimate at that time.

研究火山喷发物和热河生物群的分布特征，建立火山－沉积地层层序。通过火山喷发动力学及喷发柱高度的研究，确定火山气体及气溶胶的成分、总量与分布。探讨对臭氧层的破坏，估算火山活动导致地表温度变化的幅度，测定火山喷出的有毒气体及有害元素的组成，研究火山作用造成的古气候变化，探讨火山活动与生物集群死亡的耦合关系。