基于重测序的全基因组关联分析发掘甘蓝型油菜根肿病抗病基因资源

Canola (Brassica napus) is a major economic crop in China and plays important roles in the agriculture production and national economy in our country. Clubroot, caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, is a worldwide soilborne disease and an important disease of Brassica crops, and has been a major problem of canola production in China. Exploitation of resistant materials and genes for resistance breeding is an effective and main measure to control clubroot. We have previously collected 420 canola materials and conducted genome-resequencing, epigenomics and metabonomics assay of this canola population, and obtained the phenotypic data of the agricultural and quality traits based on 3 years and 5 sites field trials. Here, we will use genome wide association study (GWAS) to identify clubroot-resistant gene candidates which will be further confirmed by breed cross, transgene and gene-knockout. This project implementation will provide new clues to screen resistant genes for plant obligate parasites and contribute to look new insights into the clubroot-resistant mechanisms and the interactions between plant and obligate parasites.

甘蓝型油菜是我国的主要经济作物之一，在我国农业生产和国民经济中具有重要的地位和价值。由芸薹属根肿菌引起的根肿病是世界性的土传病害，主要危害芸薹科作物，已经成为我国油菜生产的主要病害。发掘有效的根肿病抗病材料和基因资源进行抗病育种是控制根肿病的主要措施。本项目前期收集了420份油菜核心种质资源群体，并对这一群体进行了基因组重测序以及表观组和代谢组的测定，已经收集了3年5点主要农艺和品质性状的表型数据。在此基础上，本项目拟通过全基因组关联分析对这一群体中潜在的根肿病抗病候选基因资源进行筛选和鉴定，进一步通过品种杂交、转基因以及基因敲除等手段对抗病候选基因功能进行验证。本项目的实施将为发掘植物专性寄生病原物抗病基因资源提供借鉴和指导，同时有助于进一步研究和解析植物对根肿病的抗病机制以及植物与专性病原物互作的分子机理。