表面流人工湿地水力性能与净化效果耦合效应研究

In order to analyze the hydraulic performance and purification effect under different design parameters of surface flow constructed wetlands, a number of tracer tests and nitrogen transformation tests will be carried out to ascertain the law of hydraulic performance and purification effect changed with design parameters and establish a quantitative relational expression between the design parameters and the hydraulic performance and purification effect at last. The nitrogen variation in water, plant, sediment and gas will be monitored to explore the nitrogen transport and transformation law in surface flow constructed wetlands. Three models of hydrodynamics, pollutant degradation and nitrogen transport and transformation will be developed to simulate these three processes under different design parameters. According to the results of tests and models, this study will reveal the coupling effect and its internal mechanism between the hydraulic performance and purification effect of surface flow constructed wetlands, put forward the optimal design parameters in which condition possessing proper hydraulic performance and excellent purification effect. The findings of this study will reveal the laws of constructed wetlands internal flow pattern and nitrogen transport and transformation characteristics changed with design parameters theoretically, and provide guidelines for the design and management of surface flow constructed wetlands and the upgrading and rebuilding of existing pond wetlands. This study has important theoretical significance and practical value for improving wastewater purification effect.

开展不同设计参数下表面流人工湿地水流示踪和氮素迁移转化试验，分析不同设计参数下表面流人工湿地的水力性能和净化效果，探明水力性能和净化效果随表面流人工湿地设计参数的变化规律，建立表面流人工湿地设计参数与水力性能和净化效果的定量关系表达式。观测分析氮素在湿地水体、植物、底泥、气体中的变化，探明氮素在表面流人工湿地中的迁移转化规律。建立表面流人工湿地水动力学、污染物降解和氮素迁移转化模型，开展不同设计参数下湿地水动力过程、污染物降解及氮素迁移转化过程模拟。综合试验和模拟结果，揭示表面流人工湿地水力性能与净化效果的耦合效应及其内在机理，提出表面流人工湿地水力性能适宜、净化效果良好的设计参数组合。研究成果对从机理上揭示表面流人工湿地内部水流形态和氮素迁移转化特征随设计参数变化规律，指导表面流人工湿地设计和管理，进行已有天然塘堰湿地升级改造以提高其净化效果具有重要理论意义和实践价值。

开展不同设计参数下表面流人工湿地水流示踪和氮素迁移转化试验，分析了不同设计参数下表面流人工湿地的水力性能和净化效果，探明了水力性能和净化效果随表面流人工湿地设计参数的变化规律，建立了表面流人工湿地设计参数与水力性能和净化效果的定量关系表达式。观测分析氮素在湿地水体、植物、底泥、气体中的变化，探明氮素在表面流人工湿地中的迁移转化规律。建立了表面流人工湿地水动力学、污染物降解和氮素迁移转化模型，开展不同设计参数下湿地水动力过程、污染物降解及氮素迁移转化过程模拟。综合试验和模拟结果，揭示了表面流人工湿地水力性能与净化效果的耦合效应及其内在机理，提出了表面流人工湿地水力性能适宜、净化效果良好的设计参数组合，提出了表面流人工湿地适宜隔板与湿地长度比，构建了表面流人工湿地水力性能定量预测的机器学习模型和统计回归模型。研究成果从机理上揭示了表面流人工湿地内部水流形态和氮素迁移转化特征随设计参数变化规律，对指导表面流人工湿地设计和管理，进行已有天然塘堰湿地升级改造以提高其净化效果具有重要理论意义和实践价值。