包埋Fenton催化剂共去除垃圾渗滤液EDCs和重金属离子机理

The idea of the co-removal of EDCs and heavy metal ions in landfill leachate by entrapped Fenton catalyzer is proposed. Based on a combination of theories, experiments, and technic investigations, the following aspects of this research are focused on the preparation of high-performance entrapped nano-metal catalyzers, the co-removal mechanism, and the co-removal technology. 1）the preparation of high-performance entrapped nano-metal catalyzers. The preparation greatly depends on the characteristics of the wastewater of the landfill leachate and the target pollutants. For the co-removal, so various physio-chemical conditions are investigated, including temperature, pH, concentration, other ions and humic acid. The performance of several entrapped Fenton catalyzers on degradation of EDCs and the adsorption of heavy metals are evaluated. 2) Co-removal mechanism. The co-removal process, including intermediate products, the degradation pathway of the EDCs and the adsorption of heavy metal are studied, while the possible interactions between these two kinds of pollutants are to be discussed as well with the aim at revealing the underlying kinetics and mechanisms. 3) Co-removal technology. The effects of pollutants co-removal process, conditions and mechanisms will be investigated. The biotoxicity and the potential risk to human beings are assessed. The effluent biodegradation of the effluent is analyzed for the possible application in conjunction to current biotreatment technologies. Reaction conditions and design parameters are optimized in order to form an environmental friendly and high performance co-removal technology which is expected to provide valuable support for future engineering applications.

提出包埋Fenton催化剂共去除垃圾渗滤液中内分泌干扰物（EDCs）和重金属离子的思路，并采用试验、理论、设计和工艺研究相结合的方法，重点研究：1）高效能包埋Fenton催化剂制备技术。考虑垃圾渗滤液水质特点和污染物自身特性，以两类污染物共同去除为目标，研究温度、酸碱度、污染物浓度、重金属离子、腐殖酸等因素，对多种包埋型催化剂进行EDCs降解和重金属离子吸附试验，优化催化剂性能。2）共去除机理。研究催化剂对重金属离子吸附特性，分析EDCs催化降解过程、中间产物和降解途径，探讨共去除过程中两类污染物相互作用特点与规律，揭示去除机理及动力学规律。3）共去除技术。研究污染物共去除效果、反应机理与条件，进行出水生物毒性及人体健康风险评价试验，分析出水可生化性，探讨该技术与生物处理工艺结合可能性，优化反应条件和设计参数，提出环境友好型EDCs和重金属离子高效共去除方法。为工程应用提供理论和技术支撑。

垃圾渗滤液处理处置一直是水处理中的重点难点，研发一种新型、快速、高效的EDCs和重金属离子去除技术已成为目前亟待解决的关键问题，备受关注。本项目提出利用包埋Fenton催化剂共去除垃圾渗滤液中的内分泌干扰物（EDCs）和重金属离子，较系统的进行了垃圾渗滤液组份分析及两级厌氧氨氧化预处理试验、包埋纳米磁性壳聚糖及3种改性材料的制备和方法优化试验、EDCs的去除和重金属离子吸附试验，研究了不同影响因素下纳米磁性颗粒对EDCs和重金属离子去除的过程与规律；采用试验、理论、设计和工艺研究相结合的方法，进行了动力学、热力学等过程分析，揭示了包埋型纳米Fenton材料对双氯酚酸、四环素以及重金属离子的去除机理；阐明了共去除过程中EDCs与重金属离子共同存在下的相互作用特点和交互影响；提出高效能包埋型Fenton催化剂的制备和改性技术，实现两类污染物共去除的过程与工艺优化。研究表明：采用原位共沉淀法（一步沉淀法）制备磁性壳聚糖较其他方法具有较好的机械性能、较高的化学稳定性、较强的磁学特性，且合成过程简便等优点；对比分析3种改性方法，通过乙二胺改性得到的包埋纳米磁性壳聚糖颗粒具有明显优势，戊二醛投加量为4mL、环氧氯丙烷投加量为12mL、乙二胺投加量为8 mL时制备得到的磁性颗粒对污染物的去除效果最好；合成的包埋纳米磁性颗粒对EDCs和重金属离子的共去除过程中呈现出良好的效果，可用于两类污染物共去除过程。研究工作结合了生活垃圾渗滤液工程实际和垃圾渗滤液水质特征，实现两类污染物共去除的过程与工艺优化。