耦合光子晶体微腔调控自发辐射的研究

Spontaneous emission (SE) is a fundamental phenomenon associated with the creation of light. So the research of controlling SE plays an vitally important part in studying light and matter interaction. The SE characters of quantum emitters very depend on the interaction with around circumstance, so to analyze and learn the SE mechanism is the first step of controlling SE. Photonic crystals (PCs) is a new type of artificial materials, which are candidates of solid quantum optics devices for they can change the orientation-dependent local density of states efficiently. In this project, we will systematically investigate the SE spectrum regulations basic on PCs platform. First, we study one quantum emitter the SE dynamic evolution with different position and polarization orientation, which interacted with coupled PC cavities. And then, we will improve time-domain Green's function to adapt two quantum emitters interacting with single PC cavity and coupled PC cavities. Additionally, we can use the dipole-dipole interaction via coupled PC cavities to investigate the feasibility of controlling the SE of one quantum emitter by manipulating the other quantum emitter state. At last, dynamic control of the modes of auxiliary cavity can change the coupling strength within coupled photonic crystal cavities. By considering the properties of the SE dynamic evolution, we can investigate the timing of the dynamic control. All these research results should have significant implications for the progress and application of quantum optics devices.

调控自发辐射一直是光与物质相互作用研究中的重要课题。而影响自发辐射重要原因是量子辐射子与所处环境的相互作用，因而研究和分析其作用机理是寻找操控自发辐射的关键。光子晶体人工材料可以有效改变空间中方向性局域态密度，是实现固态光量子器件的重要材料。本项目以耦合光子晶体微腔为主要平台，系统探讨：处于不同位置和取向的辐射子在耦合光子晶体微腔中的动力学演化规律；同时,推广我们时域格林函数法以适用于双辐射子的情况，并探讨两个辐射子与单微腔作用时的自发辐射规律，进而再推广到耦合光子晶体微腔的情况；在上述基础上，利用“辐射子-微腔-辐射子”的偶极-偶极相互作用研究通过调控一个辐射子的状态来操控另一个辐射子的自发辐射；最后对耦合微腔中的辅助腔模式进行动态调控，实现对腔-腔耦合常数的调节，结合辐射子的动力学演化规律探讨采用动态调控的时机问题。这些寻找新的自发辐射调控研究，对于发展新型光量子器件具有重要的意义。

光与物质相互作用研究中其中一个重要课题是调控自发辐射。通过改变辐射子所处的环境可以改变空间方向性局域态密度分布。从而可以调控光与量子辐射子的局域耦合强度，进而调控量子辐射子的自发辐射。因此通过纳米人工结构，例如光子晶体、金属纳米棒或颗粒，的设计对局域态密度的剪裁实现对量子辐射子自发辐射调控一直是国际研究的热点。本项目的执行过程中我们推广了时域格林函数法研究辐射子动力学演化。在光子晶体平台，我们探究了二维光子晶体环形腔的品质因子因素以及在三维光子晶体中辐射子纠缠态的保护与时域演化。在纳米金属背景中，我们发展了一套量子输运理论和量子通道算法来解决三维自由空间Fock态光子的输运问题。并采用我们的方法研究了金属纳米天线、粗糙表面金属纳米颗粒与量子辐射子的强相互作用。