共轭凸轮正圆齿轮行星轮系水稻钵苗移栽机构的工作机理及关键技术研究

Rice is the main food crops in China, the pot seedling transplanting is one of the main agronomic measures to increase grain yield (＞10%) has been confirmed by many years research of agricultural experts. Because the foreign models can not adapted to our national conditions ,and there is also has any form complete set of machines, the pot seedling is tranoplanted by artificial cultivated, is labor intensity, low efficiency and high production cost, so it affects the farmers' enthusiasm and limits the popularization and application for rice pot seedling transplanting..It caters to the great demand of our country's agricultural production equipment, and researches on the innovation and design method of new transplanting mechanism suitable for rice pot transplantied. The transplanting mechanism for rice pot seedling with conjugate cam and planetary gear train will be invented and developed, aiming at the complex optimization problem of transplanting mechanism which is strong coupling, multi-objective and multi-variable, the objectives have been digitalized based on theory analysis, functions of series objective have been built, and the optimization method of parameters guided has been proposed. And the design platform and testing system for virtual prototype integrated has been built..The main achievements of project is that the research paltform of transplanting mechanism takes theory analysis and optimizing software as core and will be built and perfected, and a new type of rotary pot seedling transplanting mechanism will be developed by the method of theoretical research and parameter optimization design. It is the important theory and technology basics that will be established for independent innovation and engineering design of our new rice transplanting mechanine.

水稻是我国的主要粮食作物，经过农艺专家的多年研究，确认钵苗移栽是大幅度提高粮食单产的主要农艺措施之一（可提高产量10%以上）。由于国外机型不适应我国国情，国内又无与之配套的机具，人工进行种植劳动强度大、效率低、生产成本高，影响了广大农户的积极性，限制了我国水稻钵苗移栽生产的推广应用。.面向我国农业生产装备的重要需求，研究适于水稻钵苗移栽的新型移栽机构创新和设计方法；发明了共轭凸轮正圆齿轮行星轮钵苗移栽机构，针对移栽机构机构复杂的强耦合性、多目标、多变量优化问题，在理论分析的基础上将目标数值化，建立系列目标函数，提出"参数导引"的优化方法；建立可支持虚拟样机的集成设计平台和测试系统。.项目的主要成果是通过理论研究和参数优化设计，研制一种新型的回转式钵苗移栽机构，建立和完善以理论分析和优化软件为核心的水稻钵苗移栽机构研究平台，为我国新型水稻钵苗移栽机的自主创新和工程设计奠定重要的理论与技术

水稻是我国的主要粮食作物，经过农艺专家的多年研究，确认钵苗移栽是大幅度提高粮食单产的主要农艺措施之一（可提高产量10%以上）。由于国外机型不适应我国国情，国内又无与之配套的机具，人工进行种植劳动强度大、效率低、生产成本高，影响了广大农户的积极性，限制了我国水稻钵苗移栽生产的推广应用。.通过模拟分析水稻钵苗移栽的取秧、送秧、推秧和回程 4 个过程中，夹秧片尖点轨迹形状和移栽臂的姿态，提出了采用正圆齿轮和共轭凸轮传动的组合叠加形成夹秧片尖点 的“8 字形”轨迹，并揭示了其形成原理，发明了一种“共轭凸轮正圆齿轮行星轮系水稻钵苗移栽机构”（专利申请号：CN102893737A）。 建立了共轭凸轮、正圆齿轮的数学解析式，分析了其运动学特性；基于反转法，建立了共轭凸轮轮廓线赋值求解模型，采用“参数导引”启发式优化算法编写了多目标计算机辅助分析与仿真优化软件（软件登记号：2012R11L093174），优化获得了13个目标参数，并分析确定了参数变化对移栽机构运动特性及结构性能的影响规律。利用AutoCAD2008完成了移栽机构的整体结构及零部件的设计，并讨论了设计中应该注意的问题，借助UGNX8.0软件对移栽机构零部件进行了三维建模及和虚拟样机装配，并将三维模型导入到Adams中进行了虚拟样机的运动学仿真，仿真结果与自主开发的优化软件分析获得的结果高度一致，验证了理论计算的正确性；利用Ansys软件对移栽机构关键部件摆杆进行柔性体建模，导入Adams中进行刚柔耦合动力学仿真，确定了摆杆的应力、应变云图，验证了摆杆的结构设计及材料选择的合理性。加工试验台，测试了机构的运动学和动力学特性，结果与理论分析和仿真结果相一致；安装在插秧机地盘上进行了田间试验，合格率达到90%以上。为我国新型水稻钵苗移栽机的自主创新和工程设计奠定重要的理论与技术。