浅埋隧道施工引起的爆破地震效应评价体系研究

When blasting construction is carried out in urban shallow tunnel, because of the short distance between explosion source and ground buildings, deformation and cracking failure in buildings are often caused by blasting vibration effects, which leads to various kinds of civil disputes. In this study, model of blasting vibration waves related to major blasting controlling parameters will be established by analyzing propagation law of blasting seismic waves caused by blasting construction in shallow tunnel. After mechanism of blasting vibration effects caused by blasting construction in shallow tunnel is systematically studied individually by method of theoretical analysis, laboratory and field tests, numerical calculation and numerical simulation, the prediction index of evaluation system for blasting vibration effects will be determined. Then by using theory of Support Vector Machine, an evaluation system will be set up between major controlling parameters and the prediction index of blasting vibration effects of ground buildings. With the system, economic and reasonable technical scheme for blasting construction in shallow tunnel can be put forward on the premise of the safety of ground buildings. This study has important theoretical meaning and practical value for systematically studying propagation mechanism of blasting seismic waves, mechanism and safety criterions of blasting vibration effects induced by blasting construction in shallow tunnel, reasonably controlling damages caused by blasting vibration effects and ensuring the safety of blasting construction in shallow tunnels.

在进行城市浅埋隧道的爆破施工过程中，由于爆源距地表建筑物较近，常常因爆破地震效应造成房屋的变形及开裂破坏而引发各种工程纠纷。本课题拟在对浅埋隧道施工过程中爆破地震波的传播规律分析的基础上，建立与主要爆破控制参数有关的爆破地震波模型。分别采用理论分析法，室内试验和现场试验法，数值模拟法，系统地研究浅埋隧道爆破施工中爆破地震效应的作用机理，并确定爆破地震效应评价体系中的预测指标。然后，采用支持向量机理论，在主要控制参数与地表建筑物的爆破地震效应预测指标之间建立一套综合评价体系，在保证建筑物安全的基础上寻求经济合理的浅埋隧道爆破施工技术方案。本课题在深入系统地研究浅埋隧道施工引起的爆破地震波传播机理、爆破地震效应作用机理、爆破地震效应安全判据，合理控制爆破地震效应危害以及实现浅埋隧道的安全爆破施工有着重要的理论意义和实用价值。

在进行城市浅埋隧道的爆破施工过程中，由于爆源距地表建筑物较近，常常因爆破地震效应造成房屋的变形及开裂破坏而引发各种工程纠纷。本课题在对浅埋隧道施工过程中爆破地震波传播规律分析的基础上，确定了影响爆破地震效应的主要影响因素，然后建立了与主要爆破施工参数有关的爆破地震波模型。分别采用理论分析法，室内试验和现场试验法，数值模拟法，系统地研究了不同的爆破施工参数条件下浅埋隧道开挖引起的爆破地震效应特征，以及多次爆破振动作用下隧道的损伤累积机理和规律。在此研究基础上，提出一套保证地面建筑物安全的经济合理的浅埋隧道爆破施工优化方案。本课题在深入系统地研究浅埋隧道施工引起的爆破地震波传播规律、爆破地震效应特性、爆破振动损伤累积机理，合理控制爆破地震效应危害以及实现浅埋隧道的安全爆破施工方面有着重要的理论意义和实用价值。