基于整合分类学的单角蝎蛉种团物种界定与系统发育研究

Species delimitation is a fundamental and difficultly solved problem in insect taxonomy. The Panorpa centralis group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae) is an important ecological indicator and significant both in ecological environment monitor and biodiversity protection. It is the extremely derived group in Panorpidae, important in phylogeny study of the family. However, complicated morphological variations exsit in the group. The speices usually coccur in sympatry and are similar in morphology, with their wing marking and genitalia varied both in inter- and intraspecific level, resulting in the difficulty of species delimitation. This is also a longstanding unsolved problem in Panorpidae systematics. This project aims to study the P. centralis group systematics based on the integrative taxonomy from morphology, biology, geometric morphometrics, cytogenetics, and molecular biology aspects, expecting to clarify the criterion of speices delimitation of the group, explore the phylogenetic relationship and character evolution, and improve the taxonomic system of Panorpidae further more. The completion of the project may provide reference for resolving other similar issues and enrich the theory of species delimitation and taxonomy.

物种界定是分类实践中最基本的、时常也是难以解决的问题。单角蝎蛉种团Panorpa centralis group隶属于长翅目Mecoptera蝎蛉科Panorpidae，是重要的生态指示昆虫，在生态环境监测和生物多样性保护中均具有重要意义。该种团也是蝎蛉科昆虫中进化程度较高的类群，在蝎蛉科系统发育研究中具有重要意义。然而该种团内存在着复杂的形态变异，种类间生境重叠，外形相似，翅面斑纹和外生殖器在种间和种内均存在一定程度的变异，导致种团内物种界定困难，是蝎蛉科分类中长期悬而未决的难题。本项目基于整合分类学方法，从形态学、生物学、几何形态测量学、细胞遗传学、分子生物学等角度，对单角蝎蛉种团进行深入研究，明确种团内物种界定标准，探讨其系统发育关系及特征演化，进一步完善蝎蛉科分类体系。本项目的完成有望为其他类似问题的解决提供借鉴，丰富物种界定和分类学理论。

物种界定是分类实践中最基本的、时常也是难以解决的问题。单角蝎蛉种团Panorpa centralis group隶属于长翅目Mecoptera蝎蛉科Panorpidae，是重要的生态指示昆虫，在生态环境监测和生物多样性保护中均具有重要意义。该种团也是蝎蛉科昆虫中进化程度较高的类群，在蝎蛉科系统发育研究中具有重要意义。然而该种团内存在着复杂的形态变异，种类间生境重叠，外形相似，翅面斑纹和外生殖器在种间和种内均存在一定程度的变异，导致种团内物种界定困难，是蝎蛉科分类中长期悬而未决的难题。本项目在对大量标本广泛研究的基础上，以太白蝎蛉Panorpa obtusa Cheng, 1949作为模式标本，建立了单角蝎蛉属，其中包含了19个已描述种和3个新种，提出了两个异名，并根据以上研究结果编制了单角蝎蛉属分种检索表，修订了蝎蛉科分属检索表以包含该新属。基于整合分类学方法，我们还对属内种间种内变异进行了全面研究，提出了该类群的物种界定标准，并初步构建了该类群的系统发育关系树，进一步完善蝎蛉科分类体系。本项目的研究结果可为其他类似问题的解决提供借鉴，丰富物种界定和分类学理论。目前本项目研究成果发表SCI论文3篇，另有一篇正在审理，基本完成预期目标。