纵向耦合人工表面等离激元空间-时间色散调控及其在空间波调制的应用研究

High-efficiency modulations on properties of free-space EM waves possess wide important application values in communication, electronic countermeasures, etc. Aimed at high-efficiency free-space wave modulation, this project proposes to modulate the frequency-, time-, polarization-, space-domain properties of free-space waves based on spatial-temporal dispersion engineering of longigudinally coupled spoof surface plasmon polariton (LC-SSPP). This project will firstly carry on researches on the mechanisms of spatial-temporal dispersion engineering of LC-SSPP and the design of high-efficiency wideband LC-SSPP couplers. On this basis, this project will further carry out systematical investigations on the design methods of spatial-temporal dispersion properties of LC-SSPP. Then, LC-SSPP dispersion engineering will be applied to the design of achromatic functional devices, novel radomes, etc. Through these investigations, we will make out the mechanisms of spatial-temporal dispersion engineering of LC-SSPP and solve the key technical problem of designing high-efficiency LC-SSPP couplers. Many novel and high-performance devices will be designed and fabricated, such as achromatic planar focusing lens,high-gain antennas and broadband beam steering radomes. Proof-of-principle experiments will be carried out to verify the fundamentals. At the end, this project will finally establish the design theory and techniques of achromatic devices based on dispersion engineering of LC-SSPP, which will provide solid theoretical foundations and technical routes for high-efficiency achromatic free-space wave modulation.

空间波高效调制在通讯、电子对抗等领域具有重要应用前景。针对空间波调制，项目提出基于纵向耦合人工表面等离激元（LC-SSPP）的时间-空间色散调控进行空间波调制的思想。围绕这一思想，重点开展LC-SSPP的时间-空间色散调控机理和宽带高效LC-SSPP耦合媒质设计技术研究；在此基础上，开展LC-SSPP时间-空间色散特性设计理论与方法研究，以及基于LC-SSPP色散调控的消色差功能器件、新型天线罩等的设计研究。通过项目研究，阐明LC-SSPP时间-空间色散调控机理，解决空间波与LC-SSPP高效耦合转化的关键技术，设计出基于LC-SSPP色散调控的消色差平板透镜、高增益天线、宽带波束调控天线罩等，完成原理性验证实验，建立基于LC-SSPP色散调控的消色差器件设计理论和技术，为宽带消色差空间波调制提供理论支撑和技术途径。

针对自由空间电磁波调制，项目提出了基于纵向耦合人工表面等离激元（LC-SSPP）色散调控的电磁调制技术，开展了LC-SSPP色散调控机理、高效LC-SSPP耦合媒质设计及LC-SSPP色散特性设计理论、LC-SSPP色散调控在消色差透镜、波束调控天线罩设计的应用等研究。按照项目计划书的研究计划，完成了所有研究内容，达到了所有研究目标，包括：（1）基于偶极子振荡理论，建立了LC-SSPP的级联偶极子模型，分析了金属短线阵列结构参数对LC-SSPP色散特性的影响规律，为LC-SSPP色散调控提供了理论支撑。（2）阐明并验证了LC-SSPP的色散调控机理，包括时间色散调控、纵向/横向空间色散调控机理，设计制作了基于LC-SSPP空间色散调控的极化转换结构和消色差反常反射平板等原理样件，实验验证了LC-SSPP的色散调控机理。（3）建立了基于纵向空间色散设计的高效LC-SSPP耦合媒质设计理论与方法，通过纵向空间色散设计提高SSPP与自由空间波的耦合转换效率，为LC-SSPP色散调控应用技术奠定了材料基础。（4）基于LC-SSPP时间色散调控，设计制作了基于电/磁诱导SSPP的透射型和反射型波形调制器原理样件，并进行了实验验证；实验结果表明，波形调制器可使透射/反射雷达波与入射雷达波的信号相关性下降5.5-6.5dB。（5）基于LC-SSPP空间色散调控，设计制作了基于LC-SSPP色散调控的消色差平板聚焦透镜、共形聚焦透镜、波束调控天线罩等原理样件并完成了实验验证；实验结果表明，平板/共形聚焦透镜可在7.0-9.0GHz内保持固定的焦距，波束调控天线罩可在6.9-9.1GHz内保持恒定的透射波束偏折角度。通过项目研究，最终建立了基于LC-SSPP的色散调控的电磁调制理论，为隐身结构、天线、天线罩、微波器件等设计提供了崭新的理论支撑和技术途径。