面向油耗排放量化的交通流动态特性表征理论与模型

In order to address the problem that, in fuel consumption and emission estimation, the traditional traffic flow parameters are not able to capture the dynamic nature of vehicles (i.e. vehicle power variations), a novel traffic flow parameter, VSP distribution, is to be proposed by introducing the variable of Vehicle Specific Power (VSP). The project is to develop the theoretical models between VSP distribution and traditional traffic flow parameters which is able to represent the dynamic characteristics of traffic flow in the aspects of emission and fuel consumption. The first, massive second-by-second vehicle activity data will be collected in order to analyze the characteristics of VSP distribution in different traffic conditions, and to investigate their interactive mechanism. Then the theoretical models of VSP distributions are developed based on the traditional traffic flow parameters, which are used to describe the power variations influenced by traffic variations and further to quantify the corresponding emissions and fuel consumptions. The real world vehicle emissions and fuel consumptions will be collected by using of portable emission measurement systems for validation and optimization of the proposed models of VSP distribution. Then, the coupling methodology between traffic simulation and emission models will be developed and optimized based on the proposed theory of traffic flow characterization. The research findings will be tested in case studies to evaluate the effects on emissions and fuel consumptions by traffic management strategies. The objective of this research is to solve the problem of decoupling between traditional traffic flow parameters and models and the power-based emission models, and to provide an accurate methodology of characterizing traffic flows for dynamic emission estimation.

面向油耗排放量化，针对现有交通流参数无法准确刻画车辆动态特征（即功率变化）的问题，引入机动车比功率（VSP）变量建立新的交通流特征参数：VSP分布。建立功率分布与传统交通流参数间的理论模型，用于刻画交通流在油耗排放方面的动态特征。首先，收集大量机动车逐秒行为数据，分析不同交通状态下短时间隔的VSP分布特征，剖析交通状态变化对功率分布的影响机理，基于传统交通流参数建立VSP分布理论模型，刻画交通状态变化所导致的功率变化，进而量化交通流状态所对应的油耗排放。同时，利用车载排放检测技术收集实时油耗排放数据，用于VSP分布模型检验和优化。然后，基于新的交通流特征表征理论，建立和优化交通仿真模型和排放模型的耦合方法。通过案例研究，对典型交通管理措施的油耗排放影响进行量化评价。研究旨在解决传统交通流参数/模型与基于功率的排放模型不能合理耦合的科学问题，为排放动态量化提供准确的交通流特性表征手段。

面向油耗排放量化，针对现有交通流参数无法准确刻画车辆动态特征（即功率变化）的问题，引入了机动车比功率（VSP）变量建立新的交通流特征参数：VSP 分布。建立了功率分布与传统交通流参数间的理论模型，用于刻画交通流在油耗排放方面的动态特征。首先，收集大量机动车逐秒行为数据，分析不同交通状态下短时间隔的VSP 分布特征，建立了各交通状态下的驾驶行为和VSP分布数据库。通过剖析交通状态变化对功率分布的影响机理，基于传统交通流参数建立VSP 分布理论模型，刻画交通状态变化所导致的功率变化，建立了面向能耗排放量化评价（基于VSP分布）的交通流特征表征方法。同时，利用车载排放检测技术收集了实时油耗排放数据，用于VSP 分布模型检验和优化。然后，基于新的交通流特征表征理论，建立和优化了基于VSP分布的排放模型与交通模型耦合方法。研究旨在解决传统交通流参数/模型与基于功率的排放模型不能合理耦合的科学问题，为排放动态量化提供了准确的交通流特性表征手段。