电磁感应光子带隙结构的拓展和应用

Nowadays, in-depth researches about periodically modulated quantum interference have been put up on light storage and generation of stationary light. However, the researches about that on photonic band gap (PBG), controlling of light propagation and developing optical devices are elementary, thus we plan to develop these researches in this project. Firstly, we study the establishment of multiple band gaps in solids such as presodimium-doped yttrium orthosilicate and diamond containing nitrogen vacancy (N-V) color centers, and according to the dispersion and reflectivity spectrum, research the tuning to the band gaps by the parameters of coupling fields. Then we analyze the degeneration of the band gaps. Secondly, associating with the electromagnetically induced transparency, we investigate the propagation of light pulses in a double-PBG structure in order to develop a two-channel routing. Then we analyze the efficiency and limitation of the routing, and consider the possibility of developing a multiple-channel routing. Thirdly, by choosing a reasonable energy-level model we study how to develop the PBG structure in the second Brilliouin zone and discuss the possibility of developing the PBG in a higher Brilliouin zone with Rydberg atoms.

目前，对驻波场诱导的周期性量子干涉效应在存储光信息和产生静止光方面的研究已经很深入，但在可调谐光子带隙、控制光传输和光学器件开发上的研究还很有限，因此本项目拟开展这方面的研究。 具体内容包括：（1）在掺镨硅酸钇或NV色心钻石单晶钇等固体材料中建立电磁感应多光子带隙结构，从色散谱和反射谱角度研究耦合场参数对带隙的操控和优化，在此基础上分析带隙的退化和简并；（2）结合电磁感应光透明技术，研究光脉冲在双带隙结构中的传播特性，建立双通道全光路由并分析路由的传输效率及限制条件，然后进一步考虑如何建立多通道全光路由；（3）建立合适的能级模型，研究如何在第二布里渊区建立可调谐光子带隙，并探讨利用里德堡原子在更高布里渊区获得光子带隙的可能。

1在四能级系统中利用驻波耦合场建立的周期量子干涉效应实现了动态可调的双光子禁带和三光子禁带，重点研究带隙的反射和透射等光谱特性以及相关参数对各个带隙的控制和调节，不仅能使禁带的反射率接近100%，而且可以改变带隙的频率范围，克服了光子晶体中光子禁带范围不可改变的缺点。..2针对双带隙结构，重点分析每个禁带的宽度和反射率，模拟了光脉冲的频率落在两个带隙内及边缘时脉冲的传播规律，结合电磁感应光透明技术，初步实现了双通道全光路由。这大大增加了其在量子通信网络中的应用性，为实现全光量子通信奠定了基础。..3根据第二布里渊区边界处的布拉格衍射条件，在具有高激发态的四能级或五能级系统，用被行波场和驻波场共同耦合，首先建立了系统的耦合方程，在EIT窗口，计算了探测光在介质中传播的布洛赫波的反射特性，发现其反射率极低，即使是在大失谐情况下，其反射率最高也就20%，这种情况几乎不形成光子禁带。