Along with the economic development, the rise in the prevalence rates of pre-diabetes or gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy is a serious public health concern as it not only elevates future cardiometabolic disease risk in mothers, but also places offspring at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The mechanism by which maternal diabetes portends offspring risk for type 2 diabetes is not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are group of small (21-23-nucleotide), noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that regulate target gene expression especially through post-transcriptional gene regulation.miR-29 has been found elevated in skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissues in diabetic mouse and could induce insulin resistance in liver. In preliminary study, we have found that islet secreted miR-29 could be delivered into liver and induced insulin resistance there. Furthermore, we have found that the exogenous miRNA could pass through the placental to arrive in the fetus and influence the expression of fetal proteins. However, whether the abnormal maternal miRNA could regulate the fetal protein expression under disease was not clear. In this project, we try to find out the influence of maternal miR-29 of diabetic mother on development of fetus and its mechanism. It would provide a novel secreted miRNA-based intervention and therapeutic approach for treatment of adverse impact on fetus.
随着经济的发展,糖尿病和妊娠期糖尿病孕妇呈大幅度增加,不仅增加了孕妇患心脑血管疾病的风险,还对后代健康产生严重的影响,造成胎儿出生体型偏大,成年后产生2型糖尿病风险增加,然而具体的机制尚不明确。MicroRNA是一段长约21-23个核苷酸的非编码RNA,能够在翻译水平调节靶蛋白的表达。研究表明肝脏miR-29的上升能够促进肝脏胰岛素抵抗的发生,而我们发现在高脂刺激糖尿病发生的过程中,胰岛分泌miR-29能够进入肝组织,促进肝脏发生胰岛素抵抗。此外,我们还发现外源miRNA能够通过胎盘到达胎儿组织,影响胎儿的基因表达,然而疾病状态下孕妇自身异常的分泌miRNA能否通过胎盘影响胎儿基因的表达尚不明确。本项目主要通过研究糖尿病孕妇分泌的miR-29对胎儿生长发育及其成年后易患糖尿病的影响机制,从分泌miRNA的角度研究母体影响胎儿的分子机制,对干预和治疗母体对胎儿身体健康的影响提供新的方法。
项目背景:随着经济的发展,糖尿病和妊娠期糖尿病孕妇呈大幅度增加,不仅增加了孕妇患心脑血管疾病的风险,还对后代健康产生严重的影响,造成胎儿出生体型偏大,成年后产生2型糖尿病风险增加,然而具体的机制尚不明确。MicroRNA是一段长约21-23个核苷酸的非编码RNA,能够在翻译水平调节靶蛋白的表达。研究表明肝脏miR-29的上升能够促进肝脏胰岛素抵抗的发生,而我们发现在高脂刺激糖尿病发生的过程中,胰岛分泌miR-29能够进入肝组织,促进肝脏发生胰岛素抵抗。此外,我们还发现外源miRNA能够通过胎盘到达胎儿组织,影响胎儿的基因表达,然而疾病状态下孕妇自身异常的分泌miRNA能否通过胎盘影响胎儿基因的表达尚不明确。.主要研究内容:本项目主要通过研究糖尿病孕妇分泌的miR-29对胎儿生长发育及其成年后易患糖尿病的影响机制,从分泌miRNA的角度研究母体影响胎儿的分子机制。重要结果及关键数据:本项目研究发现高脂可以促进孕鼠的胰岛miR-29s升高,并且通过外泌体包裹运输到胎鼠体内,通过调节其靶基因DNAMT3A, DNMT3B,TDG,TET3等参与甲基化调节的关键蛋白,改变胎儿基因的甲基化水平,进而造成胎儿的血糖升高,并促进雄性胎鼠成年后的胰岛素抵抗,本项目研究还发现孕鼠miR-29对雌鼠成年后的代谢状况没有影响。.科学意义:本项目的研究结果对研究糖尿病等代谢疾病的母婴遗传作用机制提供新的研究思路,同时也对干预和治疗母体对胎儿身体健康的影响提供新的方法,为糖尿病的防治提供新的方法。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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