热带海洋气候下高压脉冲电场对材料海洋生物污损的抑制作用

Marine biofouling is a serious problem for ships and equipments immersed in the sea, leading to appearance damage, biodeterioration and high fuel consumption, and it is especially serious in tropic condition. Based on our previous research, the dielectric and electricity conductive paint will be prepared by adding hard anodizing electrolyte powders with good conductivity and permittivity into epoxy dope.After 45 steel samples are insulated by epoxy dope, they will be coated with the dielectric and electricity conductive paint. Then the electic conductivity, permittivity, contact angle with seawater, and penetration rate of seawater of the coating will be measured to reveal the relationship between the content of the powders and the above characters of the paint. According to these results, the coating with different electric behavior will be prepared. When the coating with different electric behavior is electrified by high voltage electric field, the electric field distribution and strength of the coating will be also measured to select the coating that could make an equipotential body and high voltage electric field. After the selected coating is electrified by high voltage pulsed electric field, it is the effects of the waveform, frequency, strength and duration of the high voltage pulsed electric field on the marine bacteriostasis of the coating surfaces and the prevetion of the marine algae and barnacle larvae adhesion to the coating surfaces in tropic condition that will be systematically examined. By analysis of these effects, the mechanisms will be elucidated underlying the effect of high voltage pulsed electric field on the marine anti-fouling behavior of material in tropic condition. Moreover, 45 steel samples with the selected coating will be electrified by high voltage pulsed electric field and immersed in Yulin sea area to verify the effect of high voltage pulsed electric field and the mechanisms in practice. Research in this area will be devoted to the creation of high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving anti-biofouling method.

海洋生物污损在影响海洋设施和船舶外观的同时，导致材料的生物腐蚀，耗费船舶航行燃料，热带海洋气候下生物污损问题更为突出。在本研究小组前期研究基础之上，本项目拟在生物污损最为严重的热带海洋地区，通过将耐阳极溶解的高导电和高介电粉体加入环氧树脂涂料中制备导电介电涂料，并将其涂覆于经环氧树脂涂料绝缘处理的45钢片表面。测定涂层的电阻率、介电常数、与海水间的接触角、渗水率等参数，研究粉体含量与上述参数的相关性；据此，制备不同电性能的涂层，并将其加高电压，测定产生的电场场强的分布均匀性与强度，筛选出可以产生等势体及高场强的涂层；将此涂层通以高压脉冲电场，系统研究高压脉冲电场波形、频率、强度、时间对材料表面海洋微生物的抗菌作用，及对藻类、藤壶幼虫附着的影响，并分析其防污机理；在榆林进行实海挂样，检测高压脉冲电场的实际防污效果，从而验证高压脉冲电场的防污作用及机制，探寻高效、环保、节能的海洋防污方法。

海洋生物污损在影响海洋设施和船舶外观的同时，导致材料的生物腐蚀，耗费船舶航行燃料，热带海洋气候下生物污损问题更为突出。在本研究小组前期研究基础之上，本项目在生物污损最为严重的热带海洋地区，通过将耐阳极溶解的高导电和高介电粉体加入环氧树脂涂料中制备导电介电涂料，并将其涂覆于经环氧树脂涂料绝缘处理的45钢片表面。测定了涂层的电阻率、介电常数、与海水间的接触角等参数，研究粉体含量与上述参数的相关性；据此，制备不同电性能的涂层，并将其加高电压，筛选出了可以产生高场强的涂层；将此涂层通以高压脉冲电场，系统的研究了高压脉冲电场波形、频率、强度、占空比、时间对材料表面海洋微生物的抗菌作用，及对藻类、藤壶幼虫附着的影响，并分析了其防污机理；在榆林进行实海挂样，检测了高压脉冲电场的实际防污效果，从而验证高压脉冲电场的防污作用及机制，探寻高效、环保、节能的海洋防污方法。