基于大型桥梁的变形监测与动态可视化研究

Along with the progress of the economy and the development of science and technology, measure instrument continuously to improve, survey and map science technique of continuously evolve, transformed a very big change to happen to the method of monitor also.The construction of the large bridge is more and more at present, the scale is more and more big, old bridge still in the use, along with horary of change, whole more and more aging;However along with the social development demand, new bridge and then in the construction, this also makes the transforming of large bridge monitor a work more heavy, the meaning is also more important.But the big bridge of former tradition transform the instrument and monitor project of monitoring the work adoption, already fall behind current the development demand of situation.This topic hard studied at present the advantage and shortage of the latest instrument and aimed at the special that the large bridge transforms a monitor and put forward to lately transform a monitor method, development actually monitor system;Exploitation at present advanced 3D engine, carrying out a 3D dynamic state of bridge to transform can see to turn to suggest, developing bridge to transform a dynamic state can see to turn system.In order to transforming transforming of monitor estimate still basic blank at present, this topic still predicts that the method carried on a research and finally made use of 3D conjecture to imitate a true technique to carry out bridge to transform an estimate to the bridge's transforming.At the same time still to current data organization treatment and manifestation carried on an improvement research.Always say to come, include a few parts as follows: 1.Face to the data organization of object treatment 2.GPS combine together with diagraph robot of transform the use of monitor method. 3.the dynamic state can see the research of turning the system. 4.carry out 3D travel extensively. 5.make use of 3D conjecture to imitate reality now bridge to transform an estimate.

随着经济的进步和科技的发展，测量仪器的不断改进，测绘科学技术的不断演化，变形监测的方法也发生了很大的改变。当前大型桥梁的建设越来越多，规模越来越大，旧的桥梁仍在使用，随着时间的推移，整体越来越老化；然而随着社会的发展需要，新的桥梁又在建设，这也使得大型桥梁的变形监测工作更为繁重，意义也更为重要。而以往传统的大桥变形监测工作采用的仪器与监测方案，已经跟不上当前形势的发展需要。本课题认真研究了当前最新仪器的优点及不足，针对大型桥梁变形监测的特殊性，提出新的变形监测方法，开发实时监测系统；利用当前的先进三维引擎，实现桥梁三维动态变形可视化显示，开发了桥梁变形动态可视化系统。由于当前变形监测的变形预测还基本空白，本课题还对桥梁的变形预测方法进行了研究，最终利用三维虚拟仿真技术实现桥梁变形预测。同时还对当前的数据组织处理方法以及表现形式进行了改进性研究。

1、项目的背景.随着国家一带一路经济战略的延伸与建设，各项高铁以及沿线公路建设都需要大量桥梁作为铺垫，同时沿线的新旧桥梁都在肩负着各项战略使命。当前大型桥梁的建设越来越多，规模越来越大，旧的桥梁仍在使用，随着时间的推移，这些大型桥梁的变形监测工作将更为繁重，意义也更为重要。然而以往传统的大桥变形监测工作采用的仪器与监测方案，已经跟不上当前形势的发展需要，因此当务之急，就是利用新的技术和方法来完成社会所需。本课题认真研究了当前最新仪器的优点及不足，针对大型桥梁变形监测的特殊性，提出新的变形监测方法，达到实时监测效果；利用当前的先进三维引擎，实现桥梁三维动态变形可视化显示，开发了桥梁变形动态可视化系统；由于当前变形监测的变形预测还基本空白，本课题还对桥梁的变形预测方法进行了研究，利用各种预测模型技术实现桥梁变形预测。同时还对当前的数据组织处理方法以及表现形式进行了改进性研究。.2、主要研究内容.通过深入研究现在大桥监测的实际情况，并总结现在监测的优缺点，提出更灵活的监测方法，更严谨的数据处理方式，并在实践中进行实用性检验。使该系统可以通过导入原始观测数据，通过合理科学的数学方法，解算出大桥变形的阈值值，并通过三维的方式进行了动态的显示。主要研究内容：①．GPS与测量机器人相结合的变形监测方案;②．面向对象的数据组织处理方法;③．实现动态可视化;④．利用预测模型桥梁变形预测.3、重要结果.①．构建了智能型的测量机器人结合先进的GPS设备对大型桥梁进行的监测系统。.②．利用了OpenGL的渲染功能，加载已改良的桥梁监测数据以及对桥梁的拍照资料显示空间物体三维动态的仿真情况，实现了人机交互的可视化功能和动态漫游。.③．建立一套完整的数学模型来对桥梁变形进行预测，同时利用数据库的数据，结合三维虚拟技术，对变形区域构建虚拟环境，建立三维仿真模型，利用三维仿真插值计算评估，计算得出桥梁变形值。.4、科学意义.本课题的研究成果与大型桥梁工程结合较为紧密，其各项理论成果，数据处理方法，三维动态预测理论与方法，都可以作为各种桥梁进行变形监测使用。同时，该课题的研究成果与时俱进，与当前的科学环境相匹配，达到不落伍的程度。