高效选择加氢纳米复合催化剂的合成，催化与机理研究

Selective hydrogenation (selective saturation of alkenes, alkynes) and the hydrorefining (removing impurities, such as sulfides, nitride etc.) are important parts of the hydrogen catalytic reaction, which are key topics for the research in scientific and industrial fields. The merit of reaction is closely related to the catalyst performance. Controllable synthesis on structure, morphology and active sites of catalyst is the basis of excellent catalysis. Meanwhile, the understanding of chemical behaviors such as the adsorption, the dissociation and the overflow of hydrogen on the active sites is the driving force to enhance catalysis. Based on the research and application of pre- efficient hydrorefining catalysts, the purpose of this project is to synthesize and optimize nanocomposite catalytic materials with highly selective hydrogenation activity. Further, through careful characterization and analysis, the catalytic mechanism would be summarized. Some key techniques (including 1. selective hydrogenation of alkenes and alkynes; 2. selective hydrogenation of olefin and =O groups) would be broken through. The priorities include: the control of ultrafine nanoactivities with proper dispersibility and aggregation state on the nanocarriers; the improvement of selectivity and stability through the exposing of active crystal faces, controlled by intermetallic epitaxial growth of assisted metal. Based on the effective preparation of highly selective hydrogenation catalysts and its catalytic performance, the technique is expected to be tested in medium scale and applied to some industrial plants.

选择加氢（烯、炔的选择饱和）与加氢精制（脱硫、氮等杂质）是氢催化反应的重要部分，是科研界和工业界一直研究的重点课题，其反应的优劣和催化剂的性能密切相关。催化剂结构、形貌、活性位的控制合成是调节催化剂性能的基础。同时，对氢在活性位的吸附、解离，溢流、加成等化学行为的认识是提升催化作用的根本推动力。在前期高效加氢精制催化剂的研究与应用基础上，本项目旨在合成、优化具有高效选择加氢活性的纳米复合催化材料，并通过细致地表征、分析对其催化作用与机理进行深入研究。以期有效突破工业选择加氢反应中1. 烯烃、炔烃共存除炔；2. 烯烃、含氧基共存选择氢化的部分关键技术。研究重点包括：实现超细纳米活性组份在纳米复合物载体表面的分散性和聚集态的控制；通过金属间特定晶面的外延生长提高选择加氢催化剂的活性面的选择暴露以得到高选择性与高稳定性。在有效制备高效选择加氢催化剂基础上，扩试、中试并应用于部分工业装置。

选择加氢（烯、炔的选择饱和）与加氢精制（脱硫、氮等杂质）是氢催化反应的重要部分，是科研界和工业界一直研究的重点课题，其反应的优劣和催化剂的性能密切相关。催化剂结构、形貌、活性位的控制合成是调节催化剂性能的基础。同时，对氢在活性位的吸附、解离，溢流、加成等化学行为的认识是提升催化作用的根本推动力。在不断完善的研究基础上，本项目通过四年的努力，合成了具有高效选择加氢活性、高稳定性的纳米复合催化剂，并通过细致地表征、分析明晰了其催化作用与机理。进而，完成了工业级的烯烃、炔烃共存除炔的选择加氢课题，为工业装置提供了优秀的催化剂与配套技术。在对选择加氢的更深入的理解上，我们又在酯类加氢方面推进了一步，有效制备了对DMO加氢、EL加氢具有高效选择性、高活性的加氢催化剂。并极快地进行了深入研究与应用推广。