梯度多孔NiTi合金轴承的自适应行为与自润滑特性研究

The available self-lubricating bearings are easy worn and their service life are short, so they can not meet the performance requirements of bearings used in some advanced fields such as aerospace. This project aims to improve the performance of bearings by using better bearing material, porous structure and lubricants, and its focus is the NiTi alloy bearing with gradient porous structure and stored lubricant oil or microcapsule with lubricants. The relationship among the micro structure, the mechanical property and the porosity is clarified, and the preparation technology of porous bearings is optimized. Furthermore, the effect of aging temperature and training method on the two way shape memory effect of bearing material is analyzed, which gives bearing the self-adaptive property, and the action principles are revealed in detail. Moreover, the fabrication method of oil microcapsule with different sizes is researched, and their effective store mechanism in porous bearing is explored. Besides, the influence of porous structure and lubricants on the self-lubricating property of bearing is illuminated, and the self-lubricating mechanism is clarified. In addition, the fluctuation laws of self-lubricating and self-adaptive properties with time under different working conditions are detailedly explored, and the relation model between the bearing performances and time are constructed. This project introduces the smart material to the tribological material field and consequently builds a new system for self-lubricating material. The results can provide reliable theoretical basis and technical support for the design and manufacture of self-lubricating bearings with high performance, high quality and long service time.

现有自润滑轴承存在易磨损、服役寿命短等问题，无法满足航空航天等尖端领域对其性能和可靠性的要求。本项目从轴承基底材料、多孔结构及润滑介质三个方面对其性能进行改善，以存储润滑油/含油微胶囊的梯度多孔NiTi合金轴承作为研究对象。建立梯度多孔结构与轴承力学性能和孔隙率之间的关系模型，优化含油轴承制备工艺；分析时效温度和训练方法对轴承基底双程形状记忆效应的影响，并揭示双程形状记忆效应对含油轴承自适应行为的赋予机制；研究不同粒径含油微胶囊的制备方法，并探究其在含油轴承中的有效存储机制；明确多孔结构和润滑介质对轴承自润滑性能的影响规律，阐明其自润滑机理；探究不同工况下轴承自润滑性能和自适应行为随时间的变化规律，建立性能与时间的关系模型。该研究将智能材料应用到摩擦学领域，构建新型的自润滑轴承体系，研究结果可为高性能、高质量、长寿命自润滑轴承的设计和制造提供可靠的理论依据和技术支持。

现有自润滑轴承存在易磨损、服役寿命短等问题，无法满足航空航天等尖端领域对其性能和可靠性的要求。本项目从轴承基底材料、多孔结构及润滑介质三个方面对其性能进行改善，以自润滑关节轴承作为研究对象。建立了梯度多孔结构与轴承力学性能和孔隙率之间的关系模型，优化含油轴承制备工艺；以PTFE衬垫为研究对象，分析了其微胶囊改性、织物组织结构等对其摩擦学性能的影响；分析时效温度和训练方法对轴承基底双程形状记忆效应的影响，并揭示双程形状记忆效应对含油轴承自适应行为的赋予机制；研究不同粒径含油微胶囊的制备方法，并探究其在含油轴承中的有效存储机制；明确多孔结构和润滑介质对轴承自润滑性能的影响规律，阐明其自润滑机理；探究不同工况下轴承自润滑性能和自适应行为随时间的变化规律，建立性能与时间的关系模型。利用微胶囊技术，构建新型的自润滑轴承体系，研究结果可为高性能、高质量、长寿命自润滑轴承的设计和制造提供可靠的理论依据和技术支持。