稳定高效的（准）二维铅基有机-无机杂化钙钛矿类光电材料的制备及应用研究

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have excellent photoelectric properties and solution processability, which attracted much attention of researchers at home and abroad. However, the un-stability and harsh requirement of preparation are still the main problems to be resolved. To improve the stability of the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite absorber while maintain it’s high efficiency, and to fabricate the whole solar cell under simplified condition are the key technology issues on the way solar cell development currently. .Based on the previous researches, this project will focus as following two aspects to solve the abovementioned problems. On the one hand, regulating the orientation of lead-based (quasi) two-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite to the vertical direction to benefit the transportation of charge carrier, make it both moisture resistant and high efficient, which can be achieved through adjustment of chemical composition, using proper additives and optimization of device structure. On the other hand, preparation and fabrication of stable and high-efficient highly-oriented lead-based (quasi) two-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite films and solar cells in ambient atmosphere with simplified equipment procedure is also under our consideration. .This project will provide new ideas for achieving high performance and high stability of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, moreover, new way for the industrialization of perovskite-type organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells will also be suggested.

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿材料具有优异的光电性能及可溶液加工性，近年来在光电转化领域备受关注。如何提高有机-无机杂化钙钛矿光吸收层稳定性、兼顾稳定与效率，以及在相对简易的条件下制备稳定高效的高质量钙钛矿型有机-无机杂化太阳电池是目前太阳电池领域发展中迫切需要解决的关键科技问题所在。. 本项目拟在前期相关工作基础上：（1）通过合理的活性层化学结构设计、适当的添加剂和成膜工艺及器件结构等相对简单的方法，获得高度有序、稳定高效的（准）二维铅基有机-无机杂化钙钛矿晶体薄膜，使之兼具耐潮湿性与高效光电转换性能，为实现有机-无机杂化钙钛矿光伏材料的高性能化和高稳定化提供新思路；（2）尝试在相对简易的条件下直接构筑高质量（准）二维铅基有机-无机杂化钙钛矿晶体薄膜及太阳电池器件，为简化生产设备、降低生产要求提供理论依据，为促进钙钛矿型太阳电池的产业化提供新途径。

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿材料具有优异的光电性能和可加工性，是近年来取得重大进展的一类新型光电材料；但此类材料在环境条件下稳定性不高，限制了其广泛应用。本研究以丙烯酸酯类单体为基质，将纤维素类材料添加至有机-无机杂化钙钛矿前驱体溶液中，采用紫外光聚合法，原位制备了一系列基于苯乙胺氢溴酸盐的纤维素基二维有机-无机杂化钙钛矿发光凝胶；通过调节前驱体溶液中纤维素的添加量、长链胺盐与溴化甲胺盐的比例，有效调控了发光凝胶的发光行为及稳定性；拓展了纤维素类材料的应用领域，为制备具有优良光学特性和稳定性的有机-无机杂化钙钛矿发光柔性材料提供了一种新思路。同时，本研究设计了一种基于二维有机-无机杂化钙钛矿光电材料的器件，通过设置底层、钙钛矿层、散热层、石墨烯层和耐磨层，避免金属氧化物特性恶化、提高器件对可见光和部分红外光的吸收利用，进而提升器件的整体性能；为有机-无机杂化钙钛矿材料光电器件的设计提供了一定的参考。此外，以MOF类材料为稳定介质，通过一步或两步机械化学法制备了一系列不同化学组成、不同发光光谱的有机无机杂化钙钛矿-MOF复合材料，摒除了传统合成方法所需的苛刻条件和有毒试剂，可在室温及开放环境下操作，材料发光性、稳定性及通用性均较好；为合成具有优良光学特性且稳定的钙钛矿纳米晶提供了一条有效的新途径。