Using salt-tolerant pumpkin as rootstock is an effective way to increase the salt tolerance of cucumber. Our previous results demonstrated that limiting Na+ transport to the cucumber by grafting onto salt-tolerant pumpkin rootstock under NaCl stress is the key reason. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this project, the salt-tolerant pumpkin and salt-sensitive cucumber will be used to obtain four grafting combinations: self-grafted cucumber and pumpkin, cucumber grafted onto pumpkin, and pumpkin grafted onto cucumber. The cellular pathway for limiting Na+ transport by the pumpkin rootstock to the cucumber scion will be studied through the investigation of cellular and subcellular Na+ distribution by X-ray microanalysis, laser scanning confocal microscope and so on. In addition, the key Na+ transporter genes will be identified through NHX/HKT/SOS1 gene expression pattern by the qRT- PCR and in situ hybridization. Finally, the miRNAs closely related with Na+ transport between rootstock and scion will be identified through the investigation of difference in miRNA, miRNA target prediction and expression between four grafting combinations using the techniques of high-throughput sequencing, bioinformatics and so on. The implementation of this project will provide cellular and molecular evidence for the improved salt tolerance of cucumber grafted onto salt-tolerant pumpkin rootstocks, and will promote the cultivation of grafted cucumber.
耐盐南瓜砧木嫁接是提高黄瓜耐盐性的有效措施。项目组前期研究发现,其根本原因在于南瓜砧木嫁接限制了Na+ 向黄瓜接穗的运输,但深入的作用机制尚不明晰。本项目拟以耐盐性强的南瓜和耐盐性弱的黄瓜为材料,自嫁及正反嫁接构建4种砧穗组合。通过X射线微区分析、激光扫描共聚焦显微镜等技术,研究NaCl胁迫下根系细胞和亚细胞水平Na+分布,明确南瓜砧木嫁接限制Na+ 向接穗运输的细胞学途径;利用qRT- PCR、原位杂交等技术,分析Na+转运蛋白基因NHX/HKT/SOS1的表达模式,获得南瓜砧木根系嫁接限制Na+向黄瓜接穗运输的关键基因;利用高通量测序和生物信息学等手段,研究NaCl胁迫下不同砧穗组合miRNA的差异,对miRNA靶基因进行注释和表达分析,鉴定出与砧穗Na+运输密切相关的miRNA。本课题完成后可为耐盐南瓜砧木嫁接提高黄瓜耐盐性提供理论依据,促进黄瓜的嫁接栽培。
黄瓜是世界范围的重要蔬菜,但其耐盐性较弱,使用耐盐南瓜砧木嫁接是提高黄瓜耐盐性的有效措施。项目组前期研究发现,其根本原因在于南瓜砧木嫁接限制了Na+向黄瓜接穗的运输,但深入的作用机制尚不明晰。本研究利用X-射线微区分析和电子扫描显微镜分析了Na+在根部横截面上的分布规律,利用NMT技术及Na+特异性染料分析了接穗中横截面的Na+分布特性,发现南瓜砧木根系是通过将Na+限制在皮层细胞,减少了Na+向中柱卸载,从而避免了过多Na+向地上运输,降低了地上部分Na+的含量。分析了NaCl胁迫对黄瓜、南瓜不同嫁接组合中Na+转运相关基因HKT1、NHX1、SOS1表达模式及细胞质膜PMA、VHA、VPP的酶活性及基因表达,发现不同的Na+转运相关基因在嫁接苗中共同发挥功能,南瓜HKT1在根部限制Na+向中柱卸载,SOS1促进根尖Na+外排。对中国南瓜NHX家族基因进行生物信息学和表达分析,发现NHX4基因盐胁迫下表达量最高,对NHX4基因功能进行验证,发现NHX4是一类定位于液泡膜的Na+转运蛋白,转化拟南芥发现CmNHX4通过将Na+富集到液泡中,减少了Na+向地上部的运输。研究了NaCl胁迫对黄瓜和南瓜根系结构发育的影响,并利用MIFE技术研究了南瓜和黄瓜根部Na+流速,发现南瓜根系发育受NaCl胁迫影响较小,能保持较高根系活力,Na+外排能力更强。利用高通量测序及生物信息学分析不同砧穗组合地上部及根在盐胁迫下的miRNA的转录组,发现NaCl胁迫下miRNA表达变化以下调变化为主,黄瓜/黄瓜自嫁苗根部差异表达miRNA共86种,其中上调20种,下调66种;黄瓜/南瓜嫁接苗根部表达差异的miRNA共53种,其中上调17种,下调36种;在这两种嫁接苗根部共有的差异表达miRNA则有6种;最后挑选12种差异表达的miRNA,利用qRT-PCR进行表达鉴定,验证了测序结果的可靠性。本课题从细胞和分子水平为耐盐南瓜砧木嫁接提高黄瓜耐盐性提供了依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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