硬岩岩爆前兆信息演化规律及动物行为异常预警模式研究

Predicting of rockburst in hard rock is one of key technological problems to be solved in the field of deep safety mining. In the previous studies, the relative quiet period phenomena of microseismic (MS)/acoustic emission were found in field monitoring and laboratory experiments. Based on these phenomena, the predicting key points for rockburst were defined. The predicting rockburst still need to be solved based on the precursory information. Combining the previous research on the rockburst precursors and the abnormal animal behaviors before earthquake, the scientific hypothesis that MS precursory information evolution induced abnormal animal behavior is presented. In this study, under the loading and unloading condition，microseismic activities, abnormal animal behaviors and neuron axons responses will be detected and analyzed to obtain the dynamic evolution of rockburst and the induced response characteristics of animal behaviors. The predicting time for rock instability and the effective time from the abnormal animal behaviors will be identified to establish the predicting time model for rockburst. the evolution law and characteristics of rockburst precursors will be revealed. The MS wave velocity nonlinear model and relevant parameters before rockburst will be characterized to establish the relation between rockburst precursors and animal behaviors. A new synergetic predicting pattern based on the MS monitoring and abnormal animal behavior for rockburst will be established. It is important that the correlative mechanism between rockburst MS activity and the animal behavior anomaly is to be clarified, which will provide a new thought for predicting rockburst in hardrock.

硬岩岩爆预警是深部矿山安全开采领域亟待解决的关键问题之一，本项目组前期研究发现在现场和室内试验均存在微震/声发射相对平静期现象，并据此定义了岩爆预警关键点概念，而基于岩爆前兆信息进行灾害预警问题尚待解决。结合动物在地震前行为表现异常和前期岩爆前兆信息的研究进展，提出岩爆的微震前兆信息变化致使动物行为异常的科学猜想。拟采用加卸载下岩爆前兆信息的生物机体神经元检测动物行为异常进行灾害预警研究，分析岩爆动态演化和触发动物行为异常预警响应特征，推导岩石破裂失稳预警时间，识别动物行为异常预警的有效时间，建立岩爆灾害预警时间模型，揭示岩爆孕育前兆信息规律，构建岩爆前兆波速变化非线性模型及临爆参数表征，探索动物行为异常的灾害预警信号识别，破解岩爆前兆动物学效应谜题，构建岩爆“微震+动物行为异常”协同预警新模式。对阐明岩爆微震活动与动物行为异常关联机制有重要意义，为硬岩岩爆预警新模式研究提供新思路。

硬岩岩爆预警是深部矿山安全开采领域亟待解决的关键问题之一，本项目组前期研究发现在现场和室内试验均存在微震/声发射相对平静期现象，并据此定义了岩爆预警关键点概念，而基于岩爆前兆信息进行灾害预警问题尚待解决。结合动物在地震前行为表现异常和前期岩爆前兆信息的研究进展，提出岩爆的微震前兆信息变化致使动物行为异常的科学猜想。在基金委的大力资助下，研究从岩爆前兆出现声发射平静期入手，采用加卸载下岩爆前兆信息的生物机体神经元检测动物行为异常进行灾害预警研究，分析了岩爆动态演化和触发动物行为异常预警响应特征，推导了岩石破裂失稳预警时间，识别动物行为异常预警的有效时间，建立了岩爆灾害预警时间模型，揭示了岩爆孕育前兆信息规律，阐明了岩爆前兆波速变化非线性模型及临爆参数表征。在这项研究中，我们发现老鼠在即将来临的实验室岩爆前兆信息发展出恐惧记忆并表现出焦虑。 Rac-1的表达在岩爆前显着增加。在岩爆声发射平静期之前，Cdc42和RhoA达到峰值。攀爬，跳跃和居中停留时间的增加产生了异常行为的曲线，该曲线与实验室岩爆应力应变及声发射平静期趋势一致。 这可能有助于分析动物行为异常对岩爆前兆信息的本能反应，并为预警岩爆提供新的见解。破解了岩爆前兆动物学效应谜题。对阐明岩爆微震活动与动物行为异常关联机制有重要意义，为硬岩岩爆预警新模式研究提供新思路。