基于发光气凝胶的气体传感器研究及其在有毒有害气体检测中应用

In terms of recognition and controlling of air pollution and maintaining of the health of human being, it is of great significance to study and develop new sensing materials, methods and instruments capable of fast, accurate and cheap detection of various poisonous and hazardous gases in the environment. The project will use luminescent aerogels as a new type of gas sensing materials, will study and develop highly sensitive, highly selective and low-cost gas sensors for sensing poisonous and hazardous gases in the environment to resolve the current issues in gas sensors, such as low sensitivity and selectivity and high cost in applications. We will carry out following researches in the project: Designing, synthesizing and characterizing various new fluorescent, chemiluminescent and electrochemiluminescent aerogels; Studying the luminescent interactions of various poisonous and hazardous gases with the aerogels at the gas/solid interfaces and related reaction mechanisms, and revealing intrinsic relationships between the morphologies, compositions and structures, and luminescence properties; Studying and optimizing the key factors that affecting aerogels-based sensing, and constructing highly sensitive, highly selective and rapid-responsive gas/aerogel interfaces; Developing new gas sensors with advantages such as high performances, easy miniaturization，low cost and facile applications, and new sensing methods for poisonous and hazardous gases in the environment.

研究开发快速、准确、低成本监测各种空气有毒有害气体新材料、新方法和新仪器，对了解、预报和控制空气污染，保护人类健康具有重要意义。本项目针对现有气体传感中普遍存在选择性差、灵敏度低、成本高、推广难等瓶颈问题，提出使用发光功能化气凝胶作为新型气体传感材料，研究开发高灵敏、高选择性、低成本的气体传感器，并应用于环境中有毒有害气体检测。拟开展如下研究：设计、合成、表征各种荧光、化学发光、电化学发光功能化的新型气凝胶材料；研究各种有毒有害气体与气凝胶在气固界面的发光反应行为并探索相关反应机理，提示气凝胶材料的形貌、组成、结构与发光性能之间存在内在联系与规律；研究并优化影响气凝胶气体传感的关键因素，构建高灵敏、高选择、快速响应的气体/气凝胶传感界面；发展高性能、小型化、便携化、低成本、易推广普及的气体传感仪器，研究制定可靠、简单易行的监测有毒有害气体的传感方法，并应用于环境中有毒有害气体的检测。

本项目围绕“基于发光气凝胶的气体传感器研究及其在有毒有害气体检测中应用”这一主题，重点开展了4个方面的研究工作，包括：各种高性能发光功能化气体胶传感材料的合成与表征；发光功能化气凝胶的光电性能研究；发光功能化气凝胶材料的传感体系考察和传感机理研究及传感界面的构建；基于发光功能化气凝胶传感器的研制及应用。在各种发光量子点（包括钙钛矿量子点、碳基量子点、碳氮半导体纳米片、导电聚合物纳米微球、金纳米簇等）新型光电传感材料的合成和表征；在荧光、电致化学发光、化学发光功能化气凝胶复合传感材料制备与传感性能研究；在新型、高灵敏、高选择性气体发光传感器研制等方面取得重要进展。在Anal. Chem.、 Small、 Carbon、Biosens. Bioelectron.、 ACS AMI、Nanoscale、Sensor Actuat. B-Chem.、Electrochim. Acta等国际刊物上发表26篇研究论文，其中影响因子>6.0有15篇；申请发明专利6项，其中已经获授权专利3项；培养博士生毕业生5名、硕士毕业生11名。