Coxsackievirus B (CVB) is the major etiological agent of viral myocarditis. CVB can persistently infect myocardium and cause dilated cardiomyopathy. CVB infection is usually a typical cytolytic process, thus it remains mysterious why CVB can persistently infect in myocardium. Myocardium is mainly composed of cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). Our previous data demonstrate that CVB can infect CFs but does not lead to a cytolytic consequence. We further found that CVB genomic RNA can be spliced, and the 3D protein, CVB’s RNA polymerase, can be detected in CFs. Therefore, we hypothesize that there is a hidden open reading frame in the genome of CVB. Certain fragments derived from the splicing of CVB genomic RNA can encode and be translated into the 3D protein, which drives CVB genome to be replicated continouosly in the infected CFs. The viral genomic RNA is later released through cellular vesicles such as exosomes to cardiomyocytes, and the persistent infection finally leads to the end of dilated cardiomyopathy. This study will explore how the CVB genome is spliced, how the 3D protein can be independently translated, and how the viral genomic RNA is released through exosomes. The study will try to elucidate one of the important mechanisms for the persistent infection of CVB in myocardium and to provide novel targets for the treatment against the CVB-related myocardial diseases. This mechanism may also be important in biology because it probably can be adopted by other +ssRNA viruses.
B组柯萨奇病毒(CVB)是病毒性心肌炎的主要病原,可持续感染心肌,导致扩张型心肌病。CVB引起典型杀细胞感染,为何能在心肌持续感染的机制不明。心肌主要由心肌细胞、心肌成纤维细胞(CFs)组成。我们前期发现CVB可感染CFs但不表现杀细胞效应,CVB基因组RNA在CFs可被剪切,并能检测到其RNA聚合酶3D蛋白表达,据此我们推测CVB基因组内含隐藏开读框,CVB基因组在CFs被剪切后的部分片段具有编码活性并翻译3D蛋白,导致病毒基因组持续复制,病毒基因组通过细胞囊泡如外泌体不断向胞外释放,使心肌细胞持续感染,最终导致扩张型心肌病。本项目将研究CVB基因组在CFs如何剪切,3D蛋白如何被单独表达,以及病毒RNA通过外泌体释放等生物学过程,以期阐明CVB持续感染心肌的一个重要机制,为CVB所致心肌病的治疗提供新靶点,该机制可能适用其他+ssRNA病毒,因而也具有重要生物学意义。
B组柯萨奇病毒(CVB)是病毒性心肌炎和扩张型心肌病的主要病原。作为无包膜+ssRNA病毒,CVB引起杀细胞感染,但是CVB在心肌表现为持续感染,导致扩张型心肌病,其机制一直不清楚。本项目组前期发现CVB可在心肌成纤维细胞(CFs)中不表达衣壳蛋白但持续复制基因组,推测CVB可通过基因组断裂而选择性表达非结构蛋白,从而保持基因组复制而不产生病毒颗粒,病毒基因组释放并感染心肌细胞,导致持续感染。.经过四年研究,本项目严格按计划书执行,完成了计划书要求的研究内容,取得了四方面研究成果:①体内外实验均明确CVB可在CFs持续感染;miR-146a是CVB诱发炎症反应的负反馈调控因子。②大体阐明了CVB基因组RNA选择性表达非结构蛋白的机制:CVB基因组在CFs和心肌组织中可被剪切,剪切不是随机事件;剪切片段可表达3D蛋白,具有RNA聚合酶活性,可介导CVB基因组RNA转录;剪切片段可入核,可能发生帽结构修饰;CVB基因组RNA可通过外泌体出胞并感染心肌细胞;项目组还探讨了剪切片段的剪切机制和翻译机制。③为阻断CVB的心肌持续感染,本项目发现反式-2-己烯酸(THA)和3-羟基己酸乙酯(EHX)、N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)、Dasabuvir联合PSI-6206、PD-1L等均可有效阻断CVB感染,可能应用于治疗CVB所致心肌炎。④利用项目研究中发现的新线索、芯片数据和实验材料,本项目在感染免疫和致病机制等也取得多项成果。.项目基本明确了CVB在心肌持续感染的关键分子机制,研究结果与立题预期一致,总体实现了项目的研究目标。共发表相关研究论文18篇(均标注),其中SCI论文13篇和核心期刊4篇已见刊,1篇在印,均为通讯作者。共有19名研究生完整或部分参与了项目研究,包括博士研究生6名,硕士研究生13名,毕业后均在当年就业。参加国际国内学术会议10次,专题报告6次,讲座1次,主持2次。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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