风电装备叶片结构系统的减重及抑振原理

Wind power has become an important green energy. The core technology of wind turbine is how high-efficiently to capture wind energy and to do real-time control through the blades. As to the world academic research hot point of wind turbine lightweight and vibration-control, and the background of the wind power industry in our country, this project will study a new type structure and principle from lightweight and vibration-control of both blade and connecting wheel hub which are the key problems. Respectively based on the partition of blade to indicate the ability to capture wind energy, the research will focused on the new structure and principle of segment-type pitch blade, the hinged rod structure of connecting wheel hub, the vibration-control with damper, adopting the research method for the model wind tunnel test and theoretical analysis, the numerical simulation and the real wind tests of prototype. Research contents include the wind tunnel test of the segment-type blade model, the rotating aerodynamics principle, the numerical simulation to describe fluid-solid coupling, the force-path of blade-hub strengthen connection, the power variation characteristics and control method, the multi-parameters analysis of vibration-control of blade, the static/vibration/real-wind-test of the experimental prototype. The objective of project are fundamentally to change the existing mechanical structure of the blade form and the manner of bearing, and to provide theory support for the comprehensive lightweight and vibration-control of wind turbine equipment.

风电已成为重要的绿色能源，其核心技术是如何高效率通过叶片来获取风能并进行实时的控制调节。本项目针对大型风电装备叶片结构轻量化及减振抑振这一国际学术研究热点以及我国风电产业的大背景，从叶片轻量化、叶片-轮毂增强连接、叶片系统减振抑振这几个关键问题入手，开展叶片结构的应用基础研究。基于叶片的风能捕获能力分区，分别研究分段式变桨叶片结构及原理、叶片-轮毂增强连接结构及原理、带阻尼器的减振抑振。采用的研究手段为模型风洞试验、理论分析、数值仿真以及试验样机的实风测试。研究内容涉及分段式叶片模型的风洞测试、旋转气动力学原理、流-固耦合数值仿真、叶片-轮毂增强连接的传力路径分析、分段式变桨叶片的功率变化特征及控制方法、叶片减振与抑振性能的多参数耦合分析、试验样机的静力/振动/实风性能测试。本项目的研究可以从根本上改变现有风机叶片的机械结构形式及承力方式，为风机装备的全面轻量化及减振抑振提供理论支持。

风电已成为重要的绿色能源，其核心技术是如何高效率通过叶片来获取风能并进行实时的控制调节。本项目针对大型风电装备叶片结构轻量化及减振抑振这一国际学术研究热点以及我国风电产业的大背景，从叶片轻量化、叶片-轮毂增强连接、叶片系统减振抑振等关键问题入手，开展叶片结构的应用基础研究。首先搭建了一个大口径低速直流式风力测试平台，辅以热线测速系统和粒子图像测速系统，为新型叶片结构的气动性能的研究提供了实验条件。基于叶片的风能捕获能力分区，分别研究分段式变桨叶片结构及原理、叶片-轮毂增强连接结构及原理、带阻尼器的减振抑振。提出折叠变桨风轮概念以及折叠变桨轮毂结构形式，为中小型风机提供新型的叶片变桨方式，该结构在实现叶片有效变桨的同时具备改善变桨结构受力状态的优势。针对大型叶片对刚度与减重的需求的矛盾，提出一种新型半双翼式面外增强叶片，该设计不仅显著提高的结构性能，同时具有更好的空气动力学性能，能够在一定程度上提高能量捕获效率。本项目的研究可以从根本上改变现有风机叶片的机械结构形式及承力方式，为风机装备的全面轻量化及减振抑振提供理论支持。