集体辐射体系中周期量级超短激光脉冲传播特性研究

The study of dynamics properties in the interaction of few-cycle laser pulses with matters is currently a frontier topic of laser physics. The quantum coherent control of collective radiation effects in multi-particle system is always a hot research area in quantum optics. Based on the theory of the interaction of laser field with matters, this project aims to investigate the nonlinear propagation properties of the few-cycle laser pulses in the matters with collective radiation effects. Without invoking the slowly varying envelope approximation (SVEA) and rotating wave approximation (RWA), the general Maxwell-Bloch equations (with counter-rotating terms) with collective radiation effects will be built, the new theory of the interaction of laser field with matters will be developed. By numerically solving the general Maxwell-Bloch equations, the nonlinear propagation behaviors of few-cycle or sub-cycle laser pulses in collective radiation system, such as self-induced transparency, transmitted (reflected) fields, pulse splitting, and self-focusing, will be pursued. While, further investigations on the quantum coherent control of Rabi-flopping and superradiance in collective radiation system will be also taken on.

周期量级超短激光脉冲与物质相互作用的极端非线性光学特性研究是近年来发展起来的激光物理新前沿，多粒子体系中集体辐射效应的量子相干调控研究是当今量子光学的热点研究内容。本项目将基于激光与物质相互作用的理论基础，拟开展周期量级超短激光脉冲在集体辐射体系中的非线性传播特性研究。在非慢变振幅近似和非旋转波近似下，考虑集体辐射效应，建立周期量级激光脉冲与集体辐射体系相互作用的广义麦克斯韦－布洛赫方程组（含反向旋转项），发展周期量级超短激光脉冲与物质相互作用的新理论。探寻周期及亚周期量级超短激光脉冲在集体辐射体系中自感应透明、透（反）射、脉冲分裂、自聚焦等非线性光学传播特性，同时探讨集体辐射体系中的拉比振荡、超辐射等极端非线性光学过程的量子相干调控新机理。

超短激光脉冲与物质相互作用的研究将开拓激光物理学的新前沿，多粒子集体辐射体系中量子相干调控研究也一直是量子光学的热点研究领域。本项目基于激光与物质相互作用的理论基础，利用量子干涉和相干，对超短激光在原子系统中的传播特性，以及激光诱导集体辐射体系中的线性、非线性光学特性进行了研究。在四能级N 型原子系统中利用激光诱导出光波导结构，并进一步讨论了光束在光波导中的传播特性；在型三能级多粒子系综中，利用集体辐射效应和辐射诱导相干效应，提出了实现超弱原子跃迁过程增强的有效机制，另外在高密度类氦碳离子C4+中获得X-Ray超辐射；发展了用于纳米结构HER活性研究的势能面模型，研究了1T相和1H相MoS2纳米结构的HER活性及其产生机制；在非对称自旋偏压和周期极化光波的影响下，理论研究了两端量子点系统的自旋输运特性。这些理论结果具有重要的科学意义和潜在的应用价值。