基于轨道角动量压缩态光场的空间转角量子精密测量的研究

Precision measurement beyond standard quantum limit is a significant research focus in quantum metrology. A certain type of squeezed state can be used to measure the corresponding physical parameter beyond shot noise limit. Orbital angular momentum squeezed state, which is a new type of squeezed state combing the advantageous of squeezed state and light’s orbital angular momentum, can be used to realize quantum measurement of rotation angle of a subject and the measurement precision is beyond the standard quantum limit. Our project will experimentally carry out the quantum measurement of rotation angle with orbital angular momentum squeezed state. In the project, we plan to obtain orbital angular momentum squeezed state with 5 dB squeezing by the optical parametric oscillator with higher-order transvers mode. Based on the orbital angular momentum squeezed state and balance homodyne detection, we expect that quantum measurement of rotation angle beyond standard quantum limit will be realized in the experiment and the standard quantum limit is surpassed by 2 dB. Furthermore, we hope to expand the scheme of quantum measurement of rotation angle into low frequency domain which has more application value. The high precision rotation measurement will have promising applications, such as detection of astronomical object rotations, observing molecular rotation and measurement of vacuum friction of rotation particles.

突破标准量子极限的精密测量是量子测量中的重要内容和研究热点之一。基于不同类型的压缩态可以实施相关物理量的突破量子噪声极限的量子精密测量。结合光场轨道角动量和连续变量压缩态性质，产生的新型压缩态光场——轨道角动量压缩态光场，其能实现物体空间转角精密测量，测量精度突破量子噪声极限。申请项目围绕基于轨道角动量压缩态的空间转角量子测量问题开展实验研究工作，目前该工作未见有实验报道。项目具体内容包括：通过运转于空间高阶横模的光学参量振荡器获得高压缩度的轨道角动量压缩态，压缩度不小于5dB；基于轨道角动量压缩态光场和平衡零拍技术实施物体空间转角的量子精密测量，测量精度突破量子噪声基准2dB；并进一步将空间转角的量子测量方案扩展更具应用价值的低频段。高精度的空间转角测量其有望在空间遥感、高精度分子旋转测量、以及测量旋转粒子的真空摩擦力等方面中发挥重要作用。

突破标准量子极限的精密测量是量子测量中的重要内容和研究热点之一。基于不同类型的压缩态可以实施相关物理量的突破量子噪声极限的量子精密测量。结合光场轨道角动量和连续变量压缩态性质，产生的新型压缩态光场——轨道角动量压缩态光场，其能实现物体空间转角精密测量，测量精度突破量子噪声极限。申请项目围绕基于轨道角动量压缩态的空间转角量子测量问题开展实验研究工作。项目主要成果包括：获得了压缩度为6.2dB的轨道角动量压缩态；基于轨道角动量压缩态光场和平衡零拍技术实施物体空间转角的量子精密测量，测量精度突破量子噪声基准3dB；扩展研究了其他空间高阶模光场纠缠态以及多模多组分纠缠态的产生。本项目的实施有望应用于高精度陀螺仪、生物测量以及开展多通道量子信息方案中。