类蜘蛛丝多梯度表面的构筑及其集水性能的研究

Aim at the practical issue of water shortage in arid and semiarid areas or space capsule and low water collection efficiency, based on the study progress of our team on spider silk, this project is designed to focus on the fabrication and the fogwater collection ability of the artificial spider silks. Instead of the traditional design, from the viewpoint of bioinspire, we decide to reproduce spider silk structural features on fiber and study the movement of droplet on artificial spider silks and the hanging ability of bioinspired silks. The higher fogwater collecting efficiency would be achieved through controlling the movement of droplet. In order to drive the droplet quickly on fiber, the driving force could be controlled by the fabrication conditions of artificial spider silks, the cooperation relation between the multi-gradient and stimuli-responsive effect. The size of spindle knots and the surface properties of bioinspired fiber could be controlled to modulate hanging ability of artificial spider silks to drops. At last, we study the relation between the driving ability and hanging ability of artificial spider silks to improve the fogwater collection ability of bioinspired fibers. This study not only could provide water safeguard for person living in arid and semiarid areas or space capsule, but also is of significant interest in many applications, such as liquid transport.

本项目针对水资源匮乏地区、密闭舱特殊环境下用水缺乏以及现有空气取水技术效率低的实际问题，基于本课题组研究蜘蛛丝的发现，提出类蜘蛛多梯度表面的构筑及其集水性能的研究。拟突破传统集水表面的设计思路，从仿生角度出发，在纤维表面构筑类蜘蛛丝的纺锤节结构，研究多梯度表面液滴驱动规律及其集水性能，通过微液滴驱动的可控实现湿度环境中水分的高效收集。项目中拟通过纤维的可控制备，调控多梯度之间的协同性及其与外场刺激响应的协同关系，控制驱动力的大小和方向，实现纤维表面微液滴驱动的可控性。通过控制纺锤节形状尺寸、周期以及纤维表面粘附特性，调控纤维挂水能力。通过协调多梯度之间的驱动关系，增强液滴移动的驱动力。协同类蜘蛛丝快速驱动能力与挂水能力的关系，实现其高效的水收集能力。其研究不仅为生活在水资源匮乏地区的人们提供水资源，以及为密闭舱内湿度环境中水的再利用提供保障，同时在液体自输运等领域都具有广泛的应用。

本项目针对水资源匮乏地区、密闭舱特殊环境下用水缺乏以及现有空气取水技术效率低的实际问题，基于本课题组研究蜘蛛丝的发现，提出类蜘蛛多梯度表面的构筑及其集水性能的研究。突破传统集水表面的设计思路，从仿生角度出发，在纤维表面构筑类蜘蛛丝的纺锤节结构，研究多梯度表面液滴驱动规律及其集水性能。通过纤维的可控制备，调控多梯度之间的协同性及其与外场刺激响应的协同关系，控制驱动力的大小和方向，实现纤维表面微液滴驱动的可控性。通过控制纺锤节形状尺寸、周期以及纤维表面粘附特性，调控纤维挂水能力。通过协调多梯度之间的驱动关系，增强液滴移动的驱动力。协同类蜘蛛丝快速驱动能力与挂水能力的关系，实现其高效的水收集能力。以第一作者或者通讯作者发表SCI论文11篇，影响因子超过10，两篇。专利1篇。其研究不仅为生活在水资源匮乏地区的人们提供水资源，以及为密闭舱内湿度环境中水的再利用提供保障，同时在液体自输运等领域都具有广泛的应用。