Exploring new reactions by transition metal-catalyzed methods is one of the most important research areas in organic chemistry. In recent decades, much progress has been made in transition-metal catalyzed C-H activation and functionalization. Lots of transition metal-catalyzed C-H bond transformations such as C-H bond aminations, hydroxylations, boronations, silications, halogenations, alkenylations and alkynylations have been achieved. Many of these reactions have been widely used in organic synthesis. CO is one of the most important C1 building blocks. Transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation of aryl halides in the presence of CO have been widely applied for the synthesis of organic carbonyl compounds. However, transition metal-catalyzed oxidative C?H carbonylations has remained largely undeveloped. The reasons are that: 1) the strong coordination of CO with transition matals makes transition metals inactive to C-H bonds, 2) reduction transition matals by CO gives low valent transition metals which is inactive to C-H bonds. Therefore, exploring transition metal-catalyzed oxidative C?H carbonylation is not only very important research area but also big challenge in organic chemistry. In our previous studies, we found that this challenge could be overcome by tuning the reaction system. We have successfully developed a novel palladium-catalyzed C?H bond carbonylation of N-alkyl anilines for the synthesis of isatoic anhydrides (J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2012,134,17490) and developed the first palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of alkenyl C-H bonds of enamides with CO for the synthesis of 1,3-oxazin-6-ones (Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,2013,52,14196). In this program, we will develop new reactions based on oxidative carbonylation of different C-H bonds with CO and various coupling partners including alkenes, alkynes, organic boronic acids, alcohols and amines; uncover the reaction conditions, mechanisms and rules. Namely, we will develop novel synthetic methodologies for direct transformation of hydrocarbons to ketones, vinyl ketones, alkynyl ketones, esters and amides through systematically investigation of transition metal-catalyzed oxidative C-H carbonylations in details. In summary, this program aims at extending the applications of hydrocarbons in organic synthesis and exploring the new research areas of transition-metal catalyzed reactions.
过渡金属催化的有机合成新反应、新方法研究是有机化学中最重要的研究领域之一。近年来,过渡金属催化的碳氢键活化与转化取得了长足的进展,惰性碳氢(C-H)键选择性转化为C-N,C-O,C-B,C-Si,C-X和 C-C键等的化学已经得以实现并在有机合成中得到应用。但是由于一氧化碳对过渡金属的强配位性和还原性,碳氢键氧化羰基化相关领域的研究仍然非常有限,是极具科学意义和富有挑战性的课题之一。我们的前期研究表明,选择合适的催化体系就能够克服氧化羰基化反应中催化剂易失活的关键科学问题。因此,本项目将系统研究过渡金属催化下不同类型的碳氢键与一氧化碳和多种偶联试剂的氧化羰基化反应,揭示过渡金属催化惰性碳氢键氧化羰基官能化的反应特点和基本规律,发展由碳氢化合物与一氧化碳高效转化为酮、烯基酮、炔基酮、酯、酰胺等重要官能团的有机合成新方法;拓展碳氢化合物在有机合成中的应用范围和过渡金属催化的研究领域。
过渡金属催化的有机合成新反应、新方法研究是有机化学中最重要的研究领域之一。进入21世纪以来,过渡金属催化的碳氢键活化与转化取得了长足的进展,惰性碳氢(C-H)键选择性转化为C-N,C-O,C-B,C-Si,C-X 和 C-C 键等的化学已经得以实现并在有机合成中得到越来越广泛的应用。但是由于一氧化碳对过渡金属的强配位性和还原性,碳氢键氧化羰基化相关领域的研究仍然非常有限,是具有重要科学意义和富有挑战性的课题之一。2010年起本项目负责人曾率先开展钯催化碳氢羰基化反应研究,并在2012和2013年陆续取得了可喜的研究结果,包括发展了钯催化氮烷基芳胺的碳氢键活化双羰基化反应、钯催化烯酰胺的碳氢键活化羰基化反应等。在此基础上,2014年,国家自然科学基金委立项资助《过渡金属催化碳氢键氧化羰基化反应研究》面上项目,项目编号:NSFC-21472147。.在项目基金支持下,负责人对钯催化不同类型的碳氢键活化插羰基氧化偶联反应开展了系统深入的研究。先后发展了(1)钯催化芳基碳氢键活化羰基化反应,包括吲哚碳氢键的羰基化Suzuki偶联反应、芳胺碳氢键的插羰基酯基化反应等;(2)钯催化烯基碳氢活化酯基化,包括烯胺碳氢酯基化等;(3)碳氢活化引发的多组分串联羰基化反应,包括氮炔基芳胺的碳氢活化炔环化串联插羰基酯基化合成喹啉-3-酯等。申请人通过控制实验、捕获反应中间体等手段阐明了上述反应的机理,揭示了钯催化碳氢键活化羰基化氧化偶联反应的机理和规律。这些系列研究发展了过渡金属催化碳氢键活化的新反应类型,拓展了一氧化碳在有机合成中的应用。.项目资助下发表基金标注论文32篇。项目负责人被培养成为中国化学会青年化学奖、蒂姆化学期刊奖等重要奖励的获奖人,并获批主持2016年优秀青年科学基金。项目还培养研究生10名,其中博士生3名,硕士生7名,特别是一名博士生的博士学位论文“钯催化芳胺和烯酰胺的C-H键羰基化反应研究”被评为2018年陕西省优秀博士学位论文。
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