我国重要经济红藻紫菜属物种资源调查及种质保存研究

Porphyra is an economically important alge in China. Its economical importance together with distinct biological characteristics have drawn it many attentions. Recently, the natural resources of Porphyra decreased dramatically in China due to environment effects and over harvests. Some Porhyra species are at risk of becoming extinct. Thus it is important to protect and preserve Porphyra species especially those endangered species. So far, there is few work has been done in this aspect. This is the first research on protection and preservation of Porphyra species proposed in China. The aims of this research are: to assess and collect remaining Porphyra species along the east coastline of China and their spatial locations; to investigate and record the morphology, cytology and molecular characteristics of individual species by systematically studies; to preserve species and; to establish the first valuable database of Porphyra species in China.

紫菜（Porphyra）是我国重要的经济海藻，除了经济价值外，其独特的生物学性质在海藻研究领域中倍受关注。我国现阶段尚未开展紫菜种质资源保护与利用的相关工作，随着自然海况与环境的变化，以及过度采集利用，自然资源急剧减少，紫菜种质资源的"遗失"存在很大的可能性，需尽快开展保护保存研究。本研究首次提出对我国经济红藻紫菜资源保护的研究工作，拟通过调查，弄清我国重要经济红藻紫菜属尚存物种自然资源的分布现状，通过紫菜物种的形态学、细胞学、分子生物学等方面研究来系统记录其特征和种质保存，并以此为基础信息初步建立我国紫菜物种资源的资料库，进行紫菜属物种资源保护保存研究方面的探索。

（1）调查并记录了我国部分沿海紫菜属物种资源与分布的现状，保存了156份腊叶标本，制备了310份种质及冻存的典型物种，不仅保存了紫菜属物种的生物遗传资源，更是为我国紫菜物种资料库的建立积累了重要的基础资料信息。.（2）调查首次采用经典与分子系统相联系的分析方法界定紫菜物种，结果显示，现阶段中国有14种紫菜分布，其中9种为已知物种，坛紫菜、伪线形紫菜、半叶紫菜、木下紫菜、甘紫菜、条斑紫菜、绉紫菜、种子岛紫菜和圆紫菜，5种（Pyropia sp.1，Pyropia sp.2，Pyropia sp.3，Pyropia sp.4和Pyropia sp.5）为未知物种。伪线形紫菜、木下紫菜和种子岛紫菜为我国首次报道。.（3）项目已发表论文 9 篇，其中SCI 收录 2篇；出版紫菜专著2部，授权发明专利1项。