具有自清洁功能的柔性透明导电薄膜的设计、制备及其性能机制研究

The flexible, transparent and conductive films based on polymer-silver nanowires are most likely to be the next substitute products for ITO film, as well become one of the most leading fields in the electronic display field. However, the conductivity and transparency of the current films were not high enough, the adhesion between the conductive coating and the substrate was not strong enough, and the surface was easily contaminated. Currently, we have developed a new kind of transparent superamphiphobic materials and flexible transparent conductive films. This project intends to disperse the spike-like structures silver nanowire into the liquid silicone rubber with active fluorinated polyether, and then to achieve a better self-cleaning property of flexible and transparent conductive films on substrates. The investigation of this project will help solve many current basic problems exist in the field of transparent conductive film, deepen the understanding of several theoretical issues on the inorganic-polymer composite functional materials, improve the develop the design mechanism as well as the realization way of multi-functional smart electronic information functional polymer composites, and provide adequate scientific and theoretical basis for the further development of intelligent polymer nanocomposites.

基于纳米银线的柔性透明导电薄膜最有可能成为替代ITO薄膜的下一代产品，是电子显示领域中最前沿的研究方向之一。但当前还存在导电率和透明度不高、导电涂层与基材粘接力不牢、表面易污染等缺陷。我们已分别开发出基于纳米银线的柔性透明导电薄膜和透明超双疏涂层，本项目拟将穗状花絮结构的纳米银线分散在含有端活性基团含氟聚醚化合物的液体硅橡胶中，再将其构筑到柔性基材表面上，通过研究纳米银线的组装方式及其与基材的复合方法，探究透明-柔性-导电-双疏等性能的协同机制，实现具有良好自清洁效果的柔性透明导电薄膜的制备。本项目的研究有助于解决当前透明导电薄膜领域中存在的诸多基础问题，同时还将深化对于无机/聚合物型复合功能材料领域的多个理论基础问题的认识，进一步完善和发展多功能智能化电子信息类高分子功能复合材料的设计原理和实现途径，还将为智能高分子纳米复合材料的发展提供充足的科学和理论依据。

本项目通过对线状纳米银合成机理，球状与线状纳米银组装机理等方面进行深入研究，掌握了合成和组装的关键影响因素，同时针对纳米银线的分散问题，合成了端活性含氟聚醚纳米聚合物，并化学接枝到纳米银线表面上，将其均匀地分散在有机硅或PET体系中制备成透明导电薄膜上，制备成具有自清洁效果透明导电薄膜。经过表面改性的纳米银线达成高分散性，保障透明度和导电率，同时纳米银表面的粗糙度和含氟改性聚合物赋予透明导电薄膜疏水疏油自清洁效果。项目过程中，进一步通过合成多种化学结构的含氟纳米聚合物，及多种粗糙度结构的表面，深入研究了超双疏构筑的机理，为自清洁表面的构筑提供理论指导。本项目的研究，为纳米银线，透明导电薄膜和自清洁表面的制备等领域的发展提供了新的设计原理和实现途径，同时为该领域相关技术的进一步发展也提供了充分的科学依据。