玩时不忘初心：团队中玩兴的多重影响效应及其应对策略研究

Playfulness in the workplace can make work fun and bring flow experience. It also can help employees improve flexibility and break the normal procedure, which can promote their creativity. But excessive, inappropriate or undisciplined playfulness will lead to time theft in the workplace, and then bring disaster and distress to the team. In order to enhance employee creativity, and prevent time theft, this project constructs the multiple effects model of team playfulness based on the literature review and practical observation. (1) We improve this conceptual model using multiple case studies based on flow theory. At the same time we explore the structural dimensions and develop the scales of individual playfulness, playfulness climate and time theft. (2) This project discusses the influence of playfulness on employee creativity and team innovation performance from individual level and team level, and examines mediating effect of working smart and team learning emergence, and verifies the moderating effect of team temporal leadership. (3) on the basis of conservation of resources theory, we analyze the relationship between playfulness and time theft from the negative perspective of playfulness, and test the effect mechanism of cyberloafing, team social loafing and laissez-faire leadership in combination with the background in Internet era, so as to fully reveal the multiple effects of team playfulness. Thus, we put forward the theoretical and practical guidance for the team to deal with playfulness in the workplace.

恰当的玩兴能够给员工带来工作乐趣和激发心流体验，有助于其打破常规和提高变通能力，进而促进创造力的提升。但过度和不适切的玩兴，或缺乏纪律的玩兴会导致工作场所中的时间盗用，继而给团队带来灾难和困扰。为了提升员工的创造力，抑制工作场所中的时间盗用，本项目：（1）基于心流理论和资源保存理论构建了团队中玩兴的多重影响效应模型，拟通过多案例研究完善此概念模型，并探索员工个体玩兴、团队玩兴氛围和时间盗用的结构维度，开发相应的测量工具；（2）从个体和团队两个层次探究团队中玩兴对员工创造力和团队创新绩效的影响，考察聪明工作和团队学习出现的中介效应，以及团队时间领导力的调节效应；（3）验证员工个体玩兴、团队玩兴氛围与时间盗用之间的关系，结合互联网时代背景，揭示网络闲散行为、团队社会闲散以及领导者放任的作用机制，从而全景展现团队中玩兴的多重影响效应。最后提出应对策略，以期为工作场所中团队的玩兴管理提供理论指导。

恰当的玩兴能够给员工带来工作乐趣和激发心流体验，有助于其打破常规和提高变通能力，进而促进创造力的提升。但过度和不适切的玩兴，或缺乏纪律的玩兴会导致工作场所中的时间盗用，继而给团队带来灾难和困扰。为了提升员工的创造力，抑制工作场所中的时间盗用，本项目：（1）基于心流理论和资源保存理论构建了团队中玩兴的多重影响效应模型，拟通过多案例研究完善此概念模型，并探索员工个体玩兴、团队玩兴氛围和时间盗用的结构维度，开发相应的测量工具；（2）从个体和团队两个层次探究团队中玩兴对员工创造力和团队创新绩效的影响，考察聪明工作和团队学习出现的中介效应，以及团队时间领导力的调节效应；（3）验证员工个体玩兴、团队玩兴氛围与时间盗用之间的关系，结合互联网时代背景，揭示网络闲散行为、团队社会闲散以及领导者放任的作用机制，从而全景展现团队中玩兴的多重影响效应。最后提出应对策略，以期为工作场所中团队的玩兴管理提供理论指导。截止到2022年底，本项目共发表论文13篇，已被接受论文3篇，还有国际期刊正处在审稿阶段。