As a new type of material, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial has been paid extensive attention from scientists for their promising practical application and theoretical values. This unique 2D nanomaterial is considered as the most effective bridge to combine novel microscopic electronic structures with macroscopic ultrathin, transparent and flexible electronic devices, guaranteeing a maximum functionality while keeping the size minimized. Recently, accompanying the booming development of grapheme, more and more attention has been focused on the inorganic graphene analogues with weak van der waals forces between the layers, which can be easily exfoliated into 2D nanomaterials. However, how to expanding this study area to the materials with a nonlayered structure and acquire the metal and semiconductor 2D nanomaterials with large area is still an important question. . In this proposal, we utilize a novel liquid crystal system with a lamellar structure as template to synthesis the 2D nanomaterials. This system is composed of nanometer-thick water layers sandwiched by lamellar bilayer membranes of self-assembled surfactant molecules. Compared with traditional soft-template method, the template used here has a single alignment, and the thickness of water layer can be precisely tuned by adjusting the concentration of surfactant molecule, which could benefit the synthesis of 2D nanomaterials with large area. Based on the above study, we will use the independent designed in-situ testing device to study the transport properties of 2D nanomaterials, and design the new generation nano-electronic devices.
二维纳米材料是一种全新的材料,它的出现为制备大面积和高质量的纳米器件带来了希望。这种独特的二维材料能够将微观下优异的电学、磁学和光学性能与宏观下的超薄性、透明性和柔韧性有机的结合在一起,从而能够实现器件的微型化和功能的最大化。目前对于二维纳米材料的研究大多集中在石墨烯类层间由弱范德华力结合的层状化合物中,如何将二维纳米材料的研究拓展至具有非层状结构的材料,获得大面积且厚度可控的特定金属和半导体类二维纳米材料是一个重要的研究方向。本研究拟在一种特殊的层状液晶体系中,以具有单一取向性的双分子层为模板,以双分子层间厚度精确可控的水层为二维限域反应空间,制备大面积的二维纳米材料。在此基础上,利用自主设计的原位测试装置,系统研究厚度、表面功能化、外场等因素对二维纳米材料输运性质的影响,并开发相关的新原理纳电子器件。
通过非共价键相互作用而自发进行的小分子自组装对材料科学、生命科学、信息科学以及纳米科学等众多科学领域的发展都产生了重大的影响。本论文着重研究通过对分子结构进行设计来获得不同类型的小分子自组装体系以用于进一步的研究和应用。. 我们设计了一种具有特异组装行为的非离子型双亲分子Hexadecyl Glyceryl Maleate (HGM),此分子在在50℃且处于临界胶束浓度(Critical Micelle Concentration,CMC)以上时会自组装为平板型(lamellar)双分子膜结构,并与水形成层状结构。当温度降低到室温以下时,由于HGM双分子膜产生弯曲在体系内部引入缺陷,限制了水层的流动性,从而形成了具有层状结构的水凝胶。此水凝胶具有水层厚度可调、双分子膜取向单一等特点,可用于无机二维材料生长的软模板,我们利用此模板制备了大面积的二维单晶金膜并对其进行了输运测试。结果显示,制备得到金膜表面光滑、均一,是完美的单晶结构,且由于其大面积显示出很好的柔性。对其光电性能的测试显示其具有很好的透明度和导电能力,在透明导电器件中有潜在的应用前景。. 在对HGM研究的基础上,我们通过对其分子结构的改性,设计了另一种非离子型表面活性剂Hexadecyl Glyceryl Itaconate (HGI),并分别考察其在水中和有机溶剂中的自组装行为,探索了其在小分子有机凝胶剂领域的应用。通过制备了一系列HGI有机凝胶,确定了HGI小分子成胶最小加入量与溶剂体积(吸油比),结果显示HGI是一种具有高度相选择性的高效率油性胶凝剂,其能够吸收的油品种类丰富,几乎涵盖所有的石化类油,对于解决废油回收、污水处理问题将会是一具有实用性的小分子材料。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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