墨兰菌根真菌多样性与根腐病发生的抑病机理研究

Root rot disease was the main disease in the cultivated soil environment, but there was little root rot disease of Chinese cymbidium in habitat soil environment.Whether is this strongly related that the native cymbidium mycorrhizal fungi diversity and suppression effects of mycorrhiza,is worth exploring scientific problems. The project plans to establish the habitat Cymbidium sinense observation site in Puer City, Yunnan Province. A comparative experiment was carried out with the local greenhouse production base. Firstly,the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi was analyzed by using metagenomic and real time PCR under the conditions of habitat soil and cultivated soil. Then,using the mycorrhizal fungi and especially the "hyphae communication effect" in the habitat system and the artificial cultivation system were evaluated in the artificial cultivation experiment for their coordination function in the process of absorption and competition. The effects of the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi on the occurrence of root rot of Cymbidium sinense were discussed by comparing and analyzing the disease occurrence rules of root rot in two soil after inoculation and non-inoculation of root rot pathogen. The relationship between host plants（orchid）, mycorrhizal fungi and root rot pathogen was theoretically clarified. Finally, CT scanning was used to evaluate the function of the mycorrhizal fungi in the process of absorption and competition. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) were used to detect the morphology of orchid root rot and the corresponding characteristics of its components and enzyme activity. which can provide a technical reference for biological control of root rot in practice.

栽培环境下根腐病是墨兰的主要病害，而在原生地，很少有根腐病发生，这是否与原生地墨兰菌根真菌多样性高、菌根对病害的拮抗作用强相关，是一个值得探讨的科学问题。项目拟在云南普洱市建立墨兰原生地观测点，与当地栽培温室墨兰生产基地开展对比试验。采用宏基因组与实时PCR技术解析墨兰菌根真菌多样性在原生地与人工栽培下的差异性；隔根方式评估墨兰原生系统和人工栽培系统中菌根真菌特别是“菌丝交流效应”在两种系统中吸收与竞争过程中的协调功能；借助CT扫描、高效液相色谱与酶联免疫等技术检测墨兰根腐病形态、分必物及酶活的相应特征，来阐述墨兰原生系统中菌根真菌多样性对控制墨兰根腐病的相对贡献和作用途径，通过接种和不接种根腐病菌后在两种环境下的发病规律的对比分析，阐述菌根真菌多样性对墨兰根腐病发病规律的影响；在理论上明确墨兰--菌根真菌--根腐病菌之间的相互关系，在实践上可为生物方法控制根腐病提供技术参考。

栽培环境下根腐病是墨兰的主要病害，而在原生地，很少有根腐病发生，这是否与原生地墨兰菌根真菌多样性高、菌根对病害的拮抗作用强相关，是一个值得探讨的科学问题。项目在云南普洱市建立墨兰原生地观测点，与当地栽培温室墨兰生产基地开展对比试验。采用宏基因组与实时PCR技术解析墨兰菌根真菌多样性在原生地与人工栽培下的差异性；隔根方式评估墨兰原生系统和人工栽培系统中菌根真菌特别是“菌丝交流效应”在两种系统中吸收与竞争过程中的协调功能；借助CT扫描、高效液相色谱与酶联免疫等技术检测墨兰根腐病形态、分必物及酶活的相应特征，来阐述墨兰原生系统中菌根真菌多样性对控制墨兰根腐病的相对贡献和作用途径，通过接种和不接种根腐病菌后在两种环境下的发病规律的对比分析，阐述菌根真菌多样性对墨兰根腐病发病规律的影响；在理论上明确墨兰--菌根真菌--根腐病菌之间的相互关系，通过比较横断山脉普洱、墨江原生地墨兰和人工栽培条件下墨兰菌根真菌多样性变化规律，揭示菌根真菌对宿主墨兰养分吸收和根腐病控制的调控效果及作用机制，为野生地生兰保育、人工幼苗栽培及病害绿色防控提供理论依据。研究结果在科学出版社出版出版专著1部，云南科技出版社出版科普专著1部，中国林业出版社教材1部；在微生物学报，园艺学报发表3篇文章及植物保护等中文核心期（CSCD）刊发表论文14余篇，Plant disease 等期刊上发表SCI论文6篇. 云南省地方标准DB53-T 《墨兰根腐病综合防治技术规程》1项，授权国家发明专利6项，实用新型专利3项，中华人民共和国国家版权局计算机软件著作权登记3个，博士学位论文1篇，硕士学位论文5篇，培养硕士研究生8名，本科生5名，2名青年教师从讲师晋升到副教授，本人也从三级教授晋升为二级教授，3名考上博士研究生，正在审稿2篇SCI，1名硕士生获梁希优秀学子奖，1名获第八届中国森林保护学术大会青年学术二等奖，2名获省政府奖学金。