无机非金属铁电纳米材料及热释电纳米发电机研究

The ferroelectric nanomaterials-based pyroelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) have become the potential replacement of thermoelectric nanogenerators due to many advantages such as abundant materials, low costs, no temperature difference,and stable output perfomance.The current research focus has been palced on how to enahnce the heat-to-electron conversion efficiency of the PENGs.To solve the low efficiency problem of current PENGs, we would systematically investigate the pyroelectric properties of many ferroelectric nanomaterials,and discover the relationships between the size effect of the naonomaterials and the pyroelectric properties. We would clarify the controlled growth mechanism of ferroelectric nanomaterials,systematically inverstigate the effect of the morphology and structure of ferroelectric nanomaterials on the output performance of the PENGs,and establish the conversion efficiency enhancement mechanism of the PENGs by using the static/dynamic loading forces and the external light illumination conditions.Based on the PENG array, we would fabricate the slef-powered temperature sensor system with the simple pixels for detecting the temperature spatial distribution. The outcomes of this work should be helpful to advance the basic research for PENGs in our country,lay the foundation for devloping the new class of heat-to-electron conversion materials and new energy devices, and provide some new views for enhancing the heat-to-electron conversion efficiency of the PENGs.

基于铁电纳米材料的热释电纳米发电机是一种新颖的热电能源转换器件，具有原材料丰富、成本低、不需要温度差和性能稳定等优点，已经成为温差纳米发电机的潜在代替品，目前的研究重点在于如何提高其热电转化效率。为了解决现有热释电纳米发电机热电转换效率低的缺点，本项目将系统研究各种铁电纳米材料的热释电性质，深入研究铁电纳米材料的尺寸效应与材料的热释电性质的内在关系。探索铁电纳米材料的可控生长机理，系统研究铁电纳米材料的结构形态、微观结构和形貌对热释电纳米发电机性能的影响规律，揭示在静态/动态的外部加载力和外部光照等方面增强热电转换效率的机制。构建基于热释电纳米发电机阵列，具有简单像素的自驱动温度传感器系统原型。该研究成果有利于提高我国热释电纳米发电机的基础研究水平，为发展新型的热电转换材料和新能源器件打下基础，也为提高热释电纳米发电机的热电转换效率提供了新的思路。

纳米发电机可以从环境中有效的获得电能，从而解决小型的电子器件和传感器的供电问题。目前，热电纳米发电机和热释电纳米发电机都可以用来收集热能。热电纳米发电机需要器件两端有稳定的温差才能产生可持续的电能，但是温差很难在维持在纳米尺度下。热释电纳米发电机不需要器件两端有温差存在，只要器件上的温度随着时间发生变化，就可以对外产生电能。热释电纳米发电机主要的研究重点之一在于如何提高器件的热电转换效率。为了解决现有热释电纳米发电机转换效率低的问题，本项目主要从以下三个方面进行了研究：（1）研究了基于不同的材料体系热释电材料构建的热释电纳米发电机性能，并建立了热释电纳米发电机评价指标，比较了各种热释电材料的FOM值；（2）研究了光电和热释电的耦合增强发电性能和相关的耦合增强机制；（3）研究了热释电-压电和光电复合发电的性能和发电耦合增强机制。在此基础上构建了基于纳米发电机的温度和光探测传感器阵列，实现了具有简单像素的自驱动传感器系统原型。本项目的研究成果有利于提高我国热释电纳米发电机的基础研究水平，为提高热释电纳米发电机的热电转换效率提供了新的思路，也为发展新型的热电转换材料和新原理复合型能源器件打下基础。