采区通风动态特性与采空区微流动耦合机理研究

The MFG(micro-flowing in a goaf) is the advanced problem of current theories of mine ventilation, and the flowing is closely related with methane emission and CSC(coal spontaneous combustion). The goafs are researched objects in this project, and the experiment models have been constructed. In appliction of theoritical analysis and experiments, the law of MFG in "U" mining face affected by dynamic charateritics of mining area ventilation is researched, and the pulsating effection of local MFG affected by unsteady flowing of mining area ventilation is researched. In the condition of steady ventilation, the characteric and law of MFG caused by heat and mass diffusion in goaf are investigated, and the law of methane replacement and MFG is investigated, and the law of changing CSC "three zones" affected by gas MFG is investigated. Furthermore, the aim is the discovering dynamics characterics of MFG affected by unsteady mining area ventilation, and the mathematical model between MFG and dynamic mine ventilation system is constructed, and the mathematical model of MFG related with CSC and methane emission is constructed, the law of changing "three zones" with MFG is found out, the law between methane migration and MFG is constructed. Therefore the theory of MFG is put forward, and the theory can instruct controlling methane in mining face and controlling CSC in goaf.

采空区微流动是目前矿井通风理论的前沿问题，采空区瓦斯涌出及煤炭自燃与采空区微流动密切相关。本项目以采空区为研究对象，建立采空区模型实验平台，采用理论与实验相结合的研究方法，研究采区通风动态性对Ｕ形工作面采空区微流动的影响规律，通风系统非稳态流动引起的空区局部脉动效应，稳态通风状态下采空区热质扩散引起的微流动规律及特性，采空区微流动与瓦斯置换，采空区气体微流动对自燃发火“三带”迁移规律的影响，旨在揭示采区动态通风状态下采空区微流动动力学特性，建立采空区微流动与动态通风系统的相关性及数学模型，建立采空区微流动与煤炭自燃及瓦斯涌出的相关性数学模型，找出采空区煤炭自燃“三带”与微流动的相关性，得出采空区微流动与瓦斯迁移规律，形成新的采空区微流动理论，为工作面瓦斯治理及采空区煤炭自燃防治提供理论依据和技术指导。

本研究针对采区动态通风与采空区微流动之间耦合机理的问题，应用矿井气体动力学和渗流流体力学等理论，计算机仿真和实验实测等手段，完成了项目任务书的研究内容。根据项目计划的研究内容和技术路线，采用理论推导、数值计算和实验室实验的方法，所得研究成果分三个部分：（1）采区动态通风及其除尘和通风机变频运行特性；（2）采空区微流动机理及采空动态通风对其微流动的影响；（3）矿井排风能量回收及振弦除尘减排方法。项目取得了较好的成果，得到采空区微流动基本方程，提出工作面临界压力梯度，得到动态通风对采空区“三带”影响的基本规律，提出采区除尘通风双参数优化设计方法，发现通风机变频的非等比例特性，形成二维上喷喷雾运移计算方法和排风振弦除尘效率计算方法，完善了采空区微流动、采空通风除尘和排风能量回收与减排的矿井气体动力学理论，补充了该研究领域的空白，为采空区防灭火、采区通风调节和矿区节能减排提供了理论依据。