技术创新网络惯例复制机理及对创新催化的影响：悖论整合视角

With Chinese economic development has entered the New Normal, Routines replication mechanism has become the key strategy for technological innovation network organizations’ value creation. Based on the approach of paradox integration, this study distinguishes the difference between conventional and flexible routines replication. Meanwhile, this study analyzes not only the innovation paradox between open networks and closed networks, but also the innovation paradox between specialized knowledge and diverse knowledge. Meanwhile, this paper analyzes not only the innovation paradox between generations of structural holes and closing of structural holes, but also the innovation paradox between experiential learning and vicarious learning. This study constructs the theoretical framework of ‘network closure× knowledge base - routines replication - catalyst of innovation’. Secondly, by ambidextrous combing the advantages of network closure and knowledge base, this study analyzes the network configuration of closed-specialized network, closed-diverse network, open-diverse network and open-specialized network, and explores the relationship between ego-network configurations and conventional / flexible routines replication. In addition, this study further respectively examines the moderating effect of generations of structural holes, closing of structural holes, experiential learning and vicarious learning. Thirdly, this study explores the network preference characteristics of conventional and flexible routines replication. By taking mutual /asymmetric dependence and selective/parallel resource bricolage as path, his paper analyze the impact of routines replication on catalyst of innovation. Combined with the case verification from routine replication to catalyst of innovation, the paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions. This study will further enrich the theory of catalyst of innovation so as to construct innovative ecosystem given the context of China.

随着我国经济进入新常态，惯例复制成为技术创新网络价值创造的关键战略，为了破解惯例复制的过程黑箱，本项目基于悖论整合视角，首先，从能力角度区分常规/柔性惯例复制的差异性，分析开放式与封闭式网络闭合、专业化与多样化知识基础、结构洞生成与填充、体验与替代组织学习的作用悖论，构建“网络闭合×知识基础—惯例复制—创新催化”的分析框架；其次，解析封闭式专业化、封闭式多样化、开放式多样化和开放式专业化四种网络构型对常规/柔性惯例复制的差异性影响，论证结构洞生成与填充、体验与替代式学习在自中心网络构型与惯例复制之间的外部权变作用；最后，分析常规/柔性惯例复制的网络行为偏好，以嵌套依赖和非对称依赖、选择拼凑和并行拼凑为路径，探究惯例复制对技术创新网络创新催化的影响机理，结合从惯例复制到创新催化的案例验证，提出针对性的对策建议。本项目能够进一步丰富创新催化理论，为构建中国情境下的创新网络生态系统提供实践指导。

面对百年未有之大变局和新发展格局的要求，创新网络的生态系统化势不可挡。惯例复制作为实现价值共创过程与创新生态的关键战略，有的企业通过惯例复制无缝对接实现了跨越式追赶，有的却水土不服陷入难以匹配的复制困境。现有研究尚未揭示复制困境的根源性诱因，鲜有考虑网络结构和知识资源方面的悖论性挑战，忽略了惯例复制与创新催化间的协同共演关系，破解技术创新网络的创新催化机制成为有待厘清的重要理论问题。.基于悖论整合视角，分析了惯例复制过程中的多维创新悖论，构建“网络闭合×知识基础—惯例复制—创新催化”的分析框架，探究网络闭合与知识基础组合的网络构型对惯例复制的差异性影响，以及动态结构洞和组织学习的调节作用。剖析惯例复制对技术创新网络创新催化的影响、关系依赖与资源拼凑的作用路径差异以及分裂断层和外部搜寻的权变作用。结合高科技企业的样本数据，利用社会网络和多元回归分析进行了实证检验。.研究结果表明：开放式和封闭式网络闭合、专业化和多样化知识基础、结构洞生成与填充、体验式与替代式学习的多维悖论是技术创新网络惯例复制困境的根源性诱因。悖论整合是破解复制困境、识别常规/柔性惯例复制偏好的关键策略，静态双元组合驱动了差异化的网络构型生成，嵌入在封闭式专业化网络对常规惯例复制的正向影响更强，嵌入在开放式多样化网络对柔性惯例复制的正向影响更强。结构洞生成与填充、体验与替代式学习驱动了网络构型在惯例复制过程中的时空转换。选择拼凑和联合依赖在常规惯例复制与创新催化间起中介作用，并行拼凑和不对称依赖在柔性惯例复制与创新催化间起中介作用，分裂断层和外部搜寻存在差异化的调节作用。归纳式多案例为从惯例复制到创新催化的全景图提供了有力的诠释。.研究结论有助于揭示技术创新网络的创新催化过程和价值共创行为，对后发企业抓住技术范式转变的窗口，实现从跟跑向并跑和领跑的转变，构建中国情境下的开放式创新生态系统具有重要实践指导意义。