基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身理论机理与波束形成算法研究

Due to the fast developments of radar antagonism and anti-antagonism techniques, it is of great importance to utilize RF stealth techniques to reduce the probability of detection, tracking and attacking for the radar, so as to significantly improve its penetration and survivability. Therefore, to meet the requirement of radar RF stealth in defense applications, this project will investigate frequency diverse array (FDA)-based radar RF stealth schemes and beamforming algorithms by exploiting the range-angle-dependent beampattern characeristics of FDA. First, the physical mechanism of FDA-based radar RF stealth will be analyzed through electromagnetic field theory and radar detection equation. Next, RF transmit beamforming and receive beamforming algorithms will be proposed, and effective array beampattern synthesis and low sidelobe design methods will be developed. In doing so, the anti-interception and penetration capabilities will significantly improved without degrading the radar's detectable range and detection performance. Finally, FDA-based radar adaptive RF stealth beamforming will be studied. Through cognitive environment sensing and adaptive RF stealth beamforming, adaptive targets detection and estimation algorithms will be designed and the theoretical framework of FDA-based radar adaptive RF stealth will be formulated. The investigation results are hope to provide implementation proposals and technical supports for radar RF stealth and next-generation fully adaptive radar, as well as theoretical foundation for future practical system implementation.

由于雷达对抗与反对抗技术的迅猛发展，非常有必要利用射频隐身来降低雷达被探测、跟踪和攻击的概率，从而有效提高雷达的突防和生存性能，所以雷达射频隐身具有重要的战略意义。因此，本项目利用频控阵具有距离-方位角依赖性波束的特性，针对雷达射频隐身战略需求，围绕基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身方法开展研究。首先，探明基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身理论的电磁场特性和雷达探测的物理机理；其次，提出有效的基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身发射和接收波束形成算法，解决阵列方向图综合旁瓣抑制问题，在保证雷达探测距离和探测性能不受影响的前提下，大大提高雷达的抗截获能力和突防能力；最后，研究基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身自适应波束形成方法，通过自适应环境认知反馈和自适应射频隐身波束形成，提出自适应目标检测与估计算法，构建雷达自适应射频隐身的理论框架。研究成果可为雷达射频隐身和下一代全自适应雷达提供有效的解决方法，并为其实用化奠定理论基础。

由于雷达对抗与反对抗技术的迅猛发展，非常有必要利用射频隐身莱降低雷达被探测、跟踪和攻击的概率，从而有效提高雷达的突防和生存性能，所以雷达射频隐身具有重要的战略意义。因此，本项目利用频控阵具有距离-方位角依赖性波束的特性，针对雷达射频隐身应用需求，围绕基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身理论机理与波束形成方法及其目标定位应用的相关核心问题和关键技术开展研究，主要研究内容包括基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身理论机理、基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身发射波束形成方法、基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身接收波束形成方法和基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身目标自适应波束形成方法等方面进行了深入研究。..主要研究结果包括：（1）完成了频控阵电磁场特征仿真和雷达探测理论分析，为研究雷达射频隐身方法提供理论支撑。（2）解决了频控阵阵列优化设计、方向图综合和旁瓣抑制等关键问题。（3）为了解决频控阵雷达存在的距离-方位角耦合问题，提出了结合多输入多输出（MIMO）的频控阵雷达目标距离-方位角联合估计方法。（4）为了进一步提升频控阵雷达的自适应目标探测性能，提出一种基于认知频控阵的雷达射频隐身自适应波束形成方法。（5）提出了基于信息几何的频控阵发射阵列参数和波形优化设计方法。..相关研究结果发表SCI检索论文33篇，并有一部学术专著《频控阵雷达》在撰写中。项目负责人与M.G. Amin、S. Blunt、F. Gini和H.C. So等IEEE Fellow担任编委在顶级期刊IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing组织了频控阵专刊“Time/Frequency Modulated Array Signal Processing”。同时，积极参加了国际学术交流活动，包括International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing、IEEE Radar Conference、IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium和CIE International Radar Conference等。..项目研究成果为雷达射频隐身和下一 代全自适应雷达提供了有效的解决方法，并为其实用化奠定理论基础。