面向长距离大容量直流输电的超导电缆及其制冷系统配置研究

HTS (High Temperature Superconducting) DC power transmission, having the great merits of low loss, high capacity, environment friendly and etc., is one of the most competitive technique choices for long-distance mass power transmission in the future grid. However, the design and configuration rules of HTS DC cable and its cryogenic system particularly targeted at long-distance mass power transmission have not been explored in depth yet and a series of problems need to settle. This program, based on the preceding Director Program supported by NSFC, mainly focuses on the configuration of HTS DC cable and its cryogenic system for long-distance mass power transmission, aiming at proposing an optimal and practical configuration solution of HTS DC cable and its required cryogenic stations and providing theoritical directions for design and development of HTS DC power transmission projects. The execution of the program will be backed by research institute and team specialised at HTS power technology and cryogenics.We will synthetically utilize theoritical modeling, numerical simulation and experimental verification to mainly solve the following problems: 1) Determination of the optimal structure of HTS DC cable for long-distance mass power transmission; 2) Determination of the estimation criterions of the cryogenic patterns for the HTS DC cable with different structure; 3) Proposal of the practical and engineering achievable configuration principles of HTS cable and its cryogenic stations for the typical HTS DC cable system with a certain capcity and length.

超导直流输电具有低损耗、大容量、绿色环保等特点，是未来长距离大规模电力输送最具竞争力的技术选择之一。近年来超导直流输电取得长足发展，但对长距离应用仍有一些基础科技问题亟待解决，如最优电缆构型和配套低温制冷站的配置。本项目是国家自然科学基金委员会科学部主任基金项目的接续，将在主任基金研究成果的基础上系统性地开展超导直流电缆及其低温制冷站的配置研究，其目标是提出超导直流电缆面向长距离大容量应用时的优化构型及其沿长度方向布局的低温制冷站的优化配置方案，为超导直流输电工程的规划设计和技术发展提供理论指导。项目实施依托超导输电技术和低温制冷技术科研团队，将综合采用理论建模、数值仿真和实验验证的方法解决以下科学问题：①提出适应长距离大容量输电应用的超导直流电缆最优构型；②提出不同构型超导直流电缆制冷方式选取的综合评判依据；③提出典型传输容量和应用距离下超导直流电缆及其低温制冷站的工程化配置方案。

超导直流输电具有低损耗、大容量、绿色环保等特点，是未来长距离大规模电力输送最具竞争力的技术选择之一。近年来超导直流输电取得长足发展，但对长距离应用仍有一些基础科技问题亟待解决，如最优电缆构型和配套低温制冷站的配置。本项目综合采用理论分析、数值仿真和实验验证的方法，重点解决了以下科学问题：（1）实验研究了超导直流电缆用超导带材特性；（2）分析了长距离超导直流电缆的构型，并进行了多维度构型比选；（3）建立了超导直流电缆的冷却模型，研究了不同冷却方式的冷却效果，考察了流量、热损耗、粗糙度等参数对冷却效果的影响，给出了强化超导直流电缆换热的方案；（4）提出了长距离应用超导直流电缆的低温制冷站的一般配置原则，给出了低温制冷系统设备选型方法，并给出了两个典型应用场景的配置案例；（5）从技术经济的角度，分析了长距离超导直流输电的经济性。本项目通过以上问题的解决，较为系统的明确了超导直流输电电缆的优化构型，超导直流电缆及其低温制冷站的配置原则和方法，对未来超导直流输电工程的规划设计和技术发展具有一定的理论指导意义。项目发表论文15篇，申请专利4项。