平顶山多含水层煤矿底板突水水源镭氡识别研究

Taking the abnomally high ground temperature in Pingdingshan coal-mine as a object, based on the datas obtained from field measurement and indoor simulation test, the geology, hydrogeology, hydro-geochemistry and geothermal field characteristics of coal-seam floor aquifers is analysed. Based on the method of combination of mathematical statistics and TOUGH2 numerical simulation, the migration and transformation mechanism of radium and radon in different hydrogeological units and different aquifers is explorated. Meanwhile, the temporal and spatial enrichment regularities of radioactive isotopes of radium and radon in the multi-aquifers of coal-seam floor, which influnced by the radioactive decay, lixiviation, the chemistry and physical property of water, geological and hydrogeological characteristics, characteristics of temperature field, is also be explorated. Taking the radium and radon content, typical conventional hydrochemical components, groundwater water pressure, units-inflow, permeability coefficient and water temperature as a key index factor, the standard value of classification which to differentiate the water-inrush sources type of coal-seam floor is defined. Using the entropy method and variable fuzzy sets, the mathematical model and comprehensive index system of different hydrogeological units, the types of water inrush source of coal-seam floor in different aquifers is established. Using the boreholes water-inrusn datas which got the types of resources, the experimental verification of model identification and comprehensive index system is accomplished. Those could be used to distinguish the water-inrush sources in coal mine with anomally high ground temperature and multi-acquifers.

以地温异常高的平顶山煤田为研究对象，依据现场实测和室内模拟试验所获得的资料，分析煤层底板含水层的地质、水文地质、水化学、水物理及地温场特征；基于数理统计和TOUGH2数值模拟相结合的方法，探究不同水文地质单元、不同含水层中镭氡的迁移转化机理，阐明放射性衰变、溶滤作用、水化学物理性质、地质和水文地质特征、温度场特征多因素融合作用下煤层底板多含水层中放射性镭氡的时空富集规律及特异性；以镭氡含量、典型常规水化学组分、地下水水压、单位涌水量、渗透系数、水温度等为评价指标因子，给定判识煤层底板突水水源类型的分类标准值；应用熵权法和模糊可变集理论，构建判别不同水文地质单元、不同含水层煤层底板突水水源类型的数学模型及综合指标体系；利用已知水源类型的钻孔涌水资料对识别模型和综合指标体系进行考核验证，并用于地温异常高矿井煤层底板多含水层的突水水源识别。

项目研究中共实测了106个钻孔温度、29个岩样铀钍钾和密度、11个寒武系灰岩铀钍钾镭和热导率及密度、77个大气降水和地表水及寒武系灰岩地下水铀钍钾镭、19个寒武系灰岩地下水氡、16个寒武系灰岩地下水水样的总α、121个地热水水质全（简）分析、7个钻孔岩芯物理力学参数，为完成项目研究任务奠定了基础。.根据所获得的丰富资料，系统分析了煤田地温场和大地热流值分布特征，解析了岩层放射性核素对热流背景的贡献，说明了岩浆岩生热和控热、地质构造导热、地下水吸热和输热、岩层传热和覆盖层保热对高地温分布的影响，得到了平顶山煤田高地温主要是由于岩浆岩残余热量通过岩层向上传导或通过断层向上传递所致的结论。.解析了同层灰岩中铀钾镭的共生特征及空间分布和时间变化规律，研究了不同层灰岩中铀钾镭空间分布的差异程度。依据衰变理论探究了灰岩中放射性核素的衰变模式及平衡状态，推导给出了基于铀衰变的镭含量计算公式，确定了镭含量理论值。得到了平顶山煤田寒武系灰岩中核素铀和镭的含量维持放射性平衡状态即灰岩中核素镭含量已达最大值的结论。.分析了地下水中铀钾镭含量空间分布和变化特征，解析了寒武系灰岩中铀钾镭背景含量、地下水中铀镭氡衰变、水化学溶解和沉淀作用对地下水中放射性核素含量的控制性影响，研究了地温异常对地下水中钾和总α影响，探讨了地下水中放射性核素的运移机理，为基于放射性核素核素铀钾镭判识高地温矿井突水水源提供了支撑。.遴选了煤层底板突水水源识别的指标因子，应用熵权法确定了指标因子的权重，基于模糊可变集理论构建了判别薄层和厚层灰岩地下水来源的数学模型，检验了所建立模型的可靠性。针对不同时间和不同地点所检测的多离子含量，修正模型并用于高地温矿井底板突水水源的识别，为突水水源快速准确识别提供了保证。.在项目的资助下，共发表SCI和EI期刊论文4篇、合著学术专著1部，授权发明专利2项，获省部级二等科技进步奖1项。