基于微生物矿化作用的人为坡面抗侵蚀控制及机理研究

Due to the impact of human engineering geological activities, the number and scale of man-made slopes are becoming more and more extensive, and the problem of soil erosion is becoming more and more serious, and presents a series of new trends, which brings great challenges to the current soil and water conservation work in China. In this project, microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is used as the technical support, and the man-made slope is main study object. The aim of the study is to improve the anti-erosion performance of the slope soil. Both laboratorial experiment and long-term in-situ test will be carried out. The main hydro-mechanical behavior and microstructure characteristics of MICP treated soil will be investigated in detail. The water stability, erosion resistance, and durability of MICP treated soil as well as the related influencing factors will be clarified systematically. Combined with micro-analysis methods and multidisciplinary theory, the anti-erosion mechanism of MICP treated soil will be revealed. On this basis, a set of biological control technology and theory for man-made slope surface erosion based on MICP will be proposed. The research results of project would provide guidance for soil erosion prevention and control.

受人类工程地质活动影响，人为坡面的数量和范围趋多趋广，水土流失问题日益严峻，并呈现一系列新的态势，给当前我国水土保持工作带来巨大挑战。本项目以微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积（MICP）作用为技术支撑，以人为坡面为重点研究对象，以提高坡面土体的抗侵蚀性能为研究目的，分别开展室内试验和原位长期观测试验，着重对制约MICP改性土抗侵蚀能力的主要水/力学特性及微观结构特征进行深入研究，阐明MICP改性土的水稳性、抗冲刷性、耐久性及关键因素的影响规律。进一步结合微观分析手段及多学科理论，揭示MICP改性土的抗侵蚀机理。在此基础上，提出一套基于MICP的人为坡面侵蚀生物调控技术和理论，以期使本项目研究成果为水土流失防治提供指导。

我国是世界上水土流失最严重的国家之一。水土流失范围之广，强度之大，危害之重，在全球屈指可数。开展水土流失防治方法和调控措施研究，对我国水土保持具有十分重要的科学意义和现实意义。本项目创新地提出了一种基于土壤微生物矿化作用的土体流失防治及调控措施，具体是采用微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积（Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation，简称MICP）技术对坡面土体进行改性处理，提高抗侵蚀能力，以期达到水土流失防治的目的。通过开展系统的室内试验和原位长期观测试验，同时结合微观分析手段，对与MICP改性土抗侵蚀性密切相关的主要水/力学性质及微观结构特征进行了深入研究，系统阐明了MICP改性土的水稳性、抗冲刷性、耐久性及关键因素的影响规律，对MICP改性土的抗侵蚀性做出了全方位评价。从土质学、土结构和土力学的角度，揭示了MICP改性土的抗侵蚀机理。在此基础上，形成了一套基于MICP的人为坡面侵蚀生物调控技术和理论。累计发表学术论文60余篇，其中SCI、EI论文20余篇，申请/获授权发明专利10余项。研究成果对指导我国水土保持工作具有重要意义。