复杂粒子体系对矢量有形波束的散射和应用

The study of the scattering of complex particles by vectorial shaped beam is always the current research focuses and the analytical solution of theory is always a challenging problem. Based on the various expansion methods of Gaussian beam, we investigated expansion theory of the high-order Laguerre-Gaussian beam, high-order Hermite-Gaussian beam, high-order Bessel beam and vortex beams with different topology, the description of the beam shape coefficients and their applicable conditions, and the frequency, amplitude, phase and orbital angular momentum characteristics. Using Generalized Lorenz Mie Theory (GLMT), Generalized Multiparticle Mie-solution (GMM), the addition theorem and translational addition theorems, the analytical full polarization scattering of scalar and vectorial shaped beam by homogeneous or nonhomogeneous, isotropic, biisotropic and anisotropic spherical particles and nonspherical particles, the effects of transverse and axial radiation force, radiation torque and optical manipulation, and physical interpretation of the influence of vortex topological structure are researched. The scattering, radiation force and radiation torque of the cluster, aggregation and periodic structure of multi particle system, and micro rough thin film surface/embedding particle system by scalar and vectorial shaped beam are also discussed. The theory in this project provide a theoretical basis for the applications of scattering of complex particle system by vectorial shaped beams in biological cells, atmospheric environment detection particle analysis and diagnosis, optical manipulation and tweezers, structural material.

研究复杂粒子体系对典型矢量有形波束散射作为当前研究热点，其解析解理论一直是具有挑战性的问题。本项目基于矢量波束场的角谱展开和高斯波束的各种展开方法，研究高阶拉盖尔/厄米-高斯波束、高阶贝塞尔波束、不同拓扑维矢量涡旋波束的波形因子高阶展开描述和适用条件，以及频率、振幅、相位、偏振和轨道角动量特性；运用广义Mie理论（GLMT）、广义多粒子散射理论（GMM），结合加法定理与旋转加法定理，研究均匀/非均匀各向同性/手征/各向异性球形、非球形粒子对标量/矢量有形波束的全极化散射的解析解，及其纵向/横向辐射力、扭矩和粒子操控特性、涡旋光场拓扑结构影响的物理解释。研究簇团、聚集、周期结构多粒子体系，微粗糙薄膜表面/嵌入粒子体系对典型标量/矢量有形波束的散射、辐射力、结合力和扭矩，为矢量有形波束散射在生物细胞、大气环境检测、粒度分析与诊断、操控与光镊、功能结构材料的应用提供理论依据。

基于波束的平面波角谱展开技术，获得矢量宽发散光束以及各类涡旋波束在任意坐标系下的一般展开形式。突破了在轴和离轴各向同性/各向异性/手征球形和圆柱对各类涡旋波束散射解析解理论的关键技术，提出了分层电大尺寸手征球/柱散射系数的稳定收敛迭代公式和计算方法。系统研究涡旋波束的散射幅相、偏振和轨道角动量分布特性，以及纵横向辐射力和扭矩特性，分析了影响因素，揭示其物理机理。完成了聚集多体各向同性/各向异性/手征粒子系对矢量有形波束散射和结合力研究。率先研究微粗糙基片/膜层的波束光散射，粗糙面上方粒子复合的波束光散射特性，以及缺陷尺寸、方位、折射率等因素对粒子间或粒子与界面相互作用力的影响。研究了三维周期结构膜层和嵌入微纳米金属粒子系对波束和等离子体激元的散射特性机理。研究了非磁化和磁化分层介质或等离子体介质对涡旋波的透射与反射特性，贝塞尔波束和类贝塞尔波束在湍流大气中传输的截面功率、波束展宽、闪烁指数、相位起伏。研究在非均匀介质透反射和湍流大气中不同拓扑荷贝塞尔涡旋波的轨道角动量畸变与串扰。提出了内外混合多组元气溶胶凝聚粒子体系模型，研究了簇团气溶胶粒子光散射与传输特征，低能见度雾霾对激光的传输特性。利用人工电磁材料实现了对空间电磁波和表面电磁波的调控，产生了双频双线极化双模态、线圆极化可调、多波束多模态、双线极化双模态的衍射特性涡旋电磁波；利用各向异性全息阻抗表面实现了线、圆极化混合模态涡旋电磁波近场检测。复杂粒子系有形波束散射成果在粒度分析、粒子操控、波场调控，以及生物大分子的操控与生物细胞结合，细胞合成等领域提供理论依据。具有微缺陷的微纳米周期结构复合光散射特征，为微纳米膜系结构的设计、无损检测、光学操控和超材料研究与应用提供技术支撑。为非均匀介质和湍流大气，以及多极化多模态涡旋电磁波激励和检测成果为通信中的多维度信息复用和多波束复用的参数选取与应用提供了理论基础。